我国不同环境介质中的抗生素污染特征研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201902002

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 205-214.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201902002

我国不同环境介质中的抗生素污染特征研究进展

李威(), 李佳熙, 李吉平, 吕宝玲, 张银龙^*()

南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,生物与环境学院,江苏南京 210037

收稿日期:2019-02-04 修回日期:2019-07-01 出版日期:2020-02-08 发布日期:2020-02-02
通讯作者: 张银龙
作者简介:李威( uwliwei@163.com),副教授,博士,ORCID(0000-0002-9327-4363)。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31700441);江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20160930)

Pollution characteristics of antibiotics in different environment media in China: a review

LI Wei(), LI Jiaxi, LI Jiping, LYU Baoling, ZHANG Yinlong^*()

Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry Unviersity, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2019-02-04 Revised:2019-07-01 Online:2020-02-08 Published:2020-02-02
Contact: ZHANG Yinlong

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

抗生素在人类医疗和畜禽水产养殖中发挥了重要作用,但由于其大量使用带来的环境残留和生态风险也引起了广泛关注。笔者分析总结了近10年我国地表水、土壤和动植物体内等环境介质中的抗生素污染特征发现:① 地表水和沉积物中不同程度地检出了磺胺类(SAs)、喹诺酮类(QNs)、大环内酯类(MLs)和四环素类(TCs)抗生素,其中海河、辽河和珠江的抗生素污染较为严重;② 耕地土壤也受到不同程度的抗生素污染,主要污染因子为QNs和TCs,北方和珠江三角洲区域的耕地土壤中抗生素污染较为严重;③ 鱼类和蔬菜植物中也检出了抗生素残留,主要的污染物为QNs。笔者认为,在今后的研究中,应进一步加强对水体沉积物、畜禽粪便、土壤和蔬菜中抗生素的污染特征的监控,特别是要深入研究抗生素在水-沉积物体系、畜禽粪便-土壤体系、土壤-植物体系中的迁移转化,以期准确了解抗生素的环境行为,为其生态风险评估提供依据。

关键词: 抗生素, 环境介质, 污染特征, 磺胺类, 喹诺酮类, 大环内酯类

Abstract:

Antibiotics play an important role in human health care and livestock and aquaculture production, however, the environmental occurrence and ecological risks caused by the widespread use of antibiotics have also attracted wide attention. This paper analyzes and summarizes the research progress on the pollution characteristics of antibiotics in surface water, soil, animals and plants in China during the last 10 years. We founded that: ① sulfonamides (SAs), quinolones (QNs), macrolides (MLs) and tetracyclines (TCs) were detected in varying degrees in surface water and sediment, and the antibiotics pollution in Hai River, Liao River and Pearl River were relatively severe; ② The agricultural soil was contaminated by antibiotics with varying degrees, and the primary contaminant factor were QNs and TCs, the antibiotics pollution in the agricultural soil in North China and Pearl River Delta was serious. ③ The antibiotic residuals were also detected in fishes and vegetables, and the primary pollutant was QNs. In the future, the monitoring of antibiotics pollution in sediment, faces of livestock and poultry, soil and vegetables should be further enhanced, especially the migration and transformation of antibiotics in water-sediment system, faces-soil system and soil-plant system should be thoroughly studied, to accurately understand the environment behavior of antibiotics and to provide a scientific basis for the assessment of ecological risk of antibiotics.

Key words: antibiotics, environmental media, pollution characteristics, sulfonamides, quinolones, macrolides

中图分类号:

李威,李佳熙,李吉平,等. 我国不同环境介质中的抗生素污染特征研究进展[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(1): 205-214.

LI Wei, LI Jiaxi, LI Jiping, LYU Baoling, ZHANG Yinlong. Pollution characteristics of antibiotics in different environment media in China: a review[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 44(1): 205-214.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201902002.

图/表 7

表1

图1

图2

表2

我国地表水和地下水环境中的抗生素质量浓度"

水环境类别 aquatic environment categories	采样点 sampling site	采样时间 sampling time	抗生素种类及其质量浓度 antibiotics types and their concentration				参考文献号 references No.
水环境类别 aquatic environment categories	采样点 sampling site	采样时间 sampling time	磺胺类 SAs	喹诺酮类 QNs	大环内酯类 MLs	四环素类 TCs	参考文献号 references No.
江河 river	松花江 Songhua River	2017.07	ND~15 (4.9)	ND~9.6 (1.9)	ND~7.3 (2.4)	-	[15]
	松花江 Songhua River	2017.10	ND~26.9 (14.8)	ND~7.1 (2.6)	ND~6.9 (3.8)	-	[15]
	辽河 Liao River	-	1.79~1 484.62 (113.88)	ND~1 068.52 (124.28)	ND~3 162.22 (201.88)	ND~770.5 (23.79)	[16]
	辽河 Liao River	2015.07 2015.11	ND~56.4 (25.4)	10.20~441.7 (137.8)	17.4~496.5 (151.4)	ND~849.7 (187.1)	[17]
	海河 Haihe River	近10年	ND~2 480 (699.7)	ND~1 410.6 (374.96)	ND~7 975 (1 014.4)	ND~77 (55.8)	[18]
	海河 Haihe River	2010.09	27.4~317 (187)	26.5~196 (121)	6.6~33.4 (17.1)	-	[19]
	黄河 Yellow River	2014.04	-	33.64~141.5 (76.85)	5.82~32.03 (14.42)	8.25~132.45 (34.36)	[20]
	黄河 Yellow River	2014.09	-	54.79~173.66 (82.65)	4.7~27.64 (12.71)	32.74~131.59 (49.79)	[20]
	长江 Yangtze River	2013.夏	16.6~540	-	7.63~214	-	[21]
		2013.秋	29.8~310.7	-	11.9~125.7	-
		2013.冬	40.3~843.4	-	50.2~143.1	-
		2014.春	53.2~487.7	-	10.7~541.7	-
	珠江 Pearl River	2015.12	25.43~603.02 (166.37)	3.47~428.4 (47.88)	60.51~1018.4 (423.8)	9.80~516 (129.3)	[22]
	珠江 Pearl River	2016.04	22.42~729.31 (277.79)	12.1~849.4 (111.68)	17.88~775.9 (153.11)	ND~709.1 (97)	[22]
湖泊 lake	鄱阳湖 Poyang Lake	2014.10	ND~22.2	4.4~17.3	2.8~18.6	ND	[23]
		2014.12	1.22~19.7	4.2~12.2	ND~19.7	ND
		2015.06	ND~9.4	ND~13.9	ND~13.9	ND~36.2
		2015.12	1.3~117	ND	3.6~14.8	ND~106.5
	洞庭湖 Dongting Lake	2015.12	1.24~125.82 (39.93)	ND~60.37 (8.39)	-	ND~28.01 (3.96)	[24]
	洞庭湖 Dongting Lake	2016.8	ND~18.94 (3.49)	ND~14.01 (1.88)	-	ND~4.08 (0.66)	[24]
水环境类别 aquatic environment categories	采样点 sampling site	采样时间 sampling time	抗生素种类及其浓度 antibiotics types and their concentration				参考文献号 references No.
水环境类别 aquatic environment categories	采样点 sampling site	采样时间 sampling time	磺胺类 SAs	喹诺酮类 QNs	大环内酯类 MLs	四环素类 TCs	参考文献号 references No.
湖泊 Lake	太湖 Taihu Lake	2013.11	2.64~344 (65.4)	ND~374 (19.7)	ND~8.11 (0.78)	ND~982 (35.8)	[25]
		2014.05	5.66~263 (67.5)	ND~20.4 (4.71)	ND~6.46 (0.70)	ND~4.81 (1.14)	[25]
		2015.06	6.9~61.9 (28.6)	3.9~90.5 (38.1)	12.1~74.8 (40.8)	30~313.3 (117)	[26]
		2015.12	8.7~34.7 (16.6)	17.4~57.7 (29.7)	25.6~89.1 (60.5)	69.8~189.6 (112)	[26]
	巢湖 Chaohu Lake	2012.03	0.7~201.6 (25.8)	1.2~320.8 (38.8)	-	ND~59.6 (5.3)	[27]
		2012.06	ND~13.8 (6.0)	ND~14.9 (3.7)	-	ND~17.8 (2.7)
		2012.09	5.6~95.4 (35.4)	ND~49.4 (20.1)	-	ND~12.8 (2.4)
		2013.01	ND~197.3 (66.1)	ND~160.3 (33)	-	ND~19.7(5)
	白洋淀湖 Baiyangdian Lake	2010.10	0.86~1 562 (383)	6.28~212 (60.1)	ND~251 (47.2)	-	[28]
海域海湾 sea area and gulf	渤海 Bahai Sea	2010.4	0.11~25.07 (4.82)	-	0.19~5.61 (1.08)	-	[29]
	渤海湾 Bohai gulf	近10年	ND~462.9 (108)	ND~12290 (726)	ND~780 (93.4)	ND~368.3 (89.7)	[18]
	黄海 Yellow Sea	2010.04	0.1~2.78 (0.65)	-	0.13~7.09 (0.64)	-	[29]
	黄海南部 South Yellow Sea	2015.08	1.8~110.6 (16.9)	ND~740.2 (36.6)	ND~305.7 (11)	-	[30]
	黄海胶州湾 Jiaozhou Gulf of Yellow Sea	2010.04	2.8~64.5 (14.3)	-	3.7~71.3 (21.3)	-	[31]
	黄海烟台湾 Yantai Gulf of Yellow Sea	2010.04	0.75~6.4 (3.1)	-	2.4~8.3 (4.5)	-	[31]
	北部湾 Beibu Gulf	2010.10	ND~20.97	-	1.10~52.79	-	[32]
	南海(珠海沿海) South Sea (Costal area of Zhuhai)	2016.03	ND~75 (12.5)	9.03~330 (134)	ND~72.1 (6.97)	ND~94.9 (28.4)	[33]
	南海(珠海沿海) South Sea (Costal area of Zhuhai)	2016.07	ND~344 (43.1)	0.8~323 (88.1)	ND~186 (21.2)	ND~163 (32.7)	[33]

表2

表3

表4

表5

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类别 categories	抗生素 antibiotics
磺胺类(SAs)	磺胺嘧啶(SDZ)、磺胺甲噁唑(SMX)、磺胺甲基嘧啶(SMR)、磺胺二甲嘧啶(SMZ)、磺胺氯哒嗪(SCP)、磺胺噻唑(STZ)、磺胺二甲氧嘧啶(SAT)、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶(SMM)、磺胺吡啶(SPD)、磺胺异噁唑(SIZ)、甲氧苄氨嘧啶(TMP)
喹诺酮类(QNs)	诺氟沙星(NOR)、氧氟沙星(OFL)、恩诺沙星(ENR)、环丙沙星(CIP)、沙氟沙星(SFLO)、洛美沙星(LOM)、双氟哌酸(DIF)
大环内酯类(MLs)	红霉素(ERY)、罗红霉素(ROX)、克拉霉素(CLA)、阿奇霉素(AZI)、泰乐菌素(TYL)、螺旋霉素(SPI)
四环素类(TCs)	四环素(TC)、土霉素(OTC)、金霉素(CTC)、强力霉素(DXC)

采样点 sampling site	采样时间 sampling time	抗生素种类及其含量 antibiotics types and their concentration				参考文献号 references No.
采样点 sampling site	采样时间 sampling time	磺胺类 SAs	喹诺酮类 QNs	大环内酯类 MLs	四环素类 TCs	参考文献号 references No.
松花江 Songhua River	2017.07	ND	1.0~43.9 (18.1)	ND~63.8 (25.1)	-	[15]
松花江 Songhua River	2017.10	ND	0.8~117.9 (41.5)	3.0~28.3 (11)	-	[15]
辽河 Liao River	-	ND~2.63 (0.42)	ND~116.99 (20.91)	ND~375.13 (32.77)	ND~404.82 (32.11)	[16]
辽河 Liao River	2015.07 2015.11	ND~6.1 (5.8)	ND~640 (230.3)	ND~78.8 (27)	ND~512 (186.8)	[17]
海河流域 Haihe Basin	近10年	(1 327.4)	(1 644.4)	(291.8)	(2 783.2)	[18]
黄河 Yellow River	2014.04	-	22~242.19 (72.29)	1.82~7.17 (3.25)	4.78~26.59 (12.48)	[20]
黄河 Yellow River	2014.09	-	27.49~204.5 (73.98)	2.75~7.29 (4.15)	4.4~38.27 (14.65)	[20]
太湖 Taibu Lake	2013.11	ND~0.97 (0.08)	3.94~174 (41)	ND~1.24 (0.15)	ND~17.4 (2.11)	[25]
太湖 Taibu Lake	2014.05	ND~2.45 (0.35)	ND~80.4 (12.2)	ND~3.56 (0.39)	ND~39.6 (4.12)	[25]
白洋淀湖 Baiyangdian Lake	2010.10	ND~8.48 (3.82)	65.5~1166 (293)	0.58~304 (65.6)	-	[28]
南海(珠海沿海) South Sea (costal area of Zhuhai)	2016.03	ND~70.8 (11.7)	ND~72.4 (14.3)	ND~70.3 (10.4)	ND~25.5 (4.72)	[33]
南海(珠海沿海) South Sea (costal area of Zhuhai)	2016.07	ND~123 (24.2)	ND~444 (68.6)	ND~48.1 (11.1)	ND~168 (48.1)	[33]

土壤环境 soil environment	地区 regions	抗生素种类及其含量 antibiotics types and their concentration				参考文献号 reference No.
土壤环境 soil environment	地区 regions	磺胺类 SAs	喹诺酮类 QNs	大环内酯类 MLs	四环素类 TCs	参考文献号 reference No.
耕地 cultivated land	沈阳市 Shenyang City	21.92~1 754.32	-	-	66.47~4 835.25	[38]
	北京温室土壤 greenhouse soil of Beijing	ND~13 (1.1)	51~649 (86)	ND~5.7 (0.62)	6.1~430 (102)	[39]
	北京大田土壤 field soil of Beijing	ND~0.6 (0.1)	ND~71 (15)	ND	5.1~58 (20)	[39]
	天津,冬季 Tianjin, winter	2.6~12.5	10.3~30.1	-	178~3867	[40]
	天津,夏季 Tianjin, summer	0.21	1.4~2.4	-	2.5	[41]
	山东省 Shandong	0.01~33.62 (3.91)	0~1 017.06 (73.05)	0~2.14 (0.3)	26.79~1 010.11 (274)	[42]
	长江三角洲 Yangtze River Delta	ND~111 (2.35)	ND~1 410 (48.8)	-	ND~809 (34.9)	[43]
	宁波市 Ningbo City	ND~0.38 (0.03)	0.27~45.79 (8.97)	ND~0.55 (0.11)	ND~373.17 (41.43)	[44]
	珠江三角洲 Pearl River Deltu	29.0~321.4 (114.8)	27.8~1 527.4 (195.3)	-	ND~242.6 (84.8)	[44]
土壤环境 soil environment	地区 regions	抗生素种类及其含量 antibiotics types and their concentration				参考文献号 reference No.
土壤环境 soil environment	地区 regions	磺胺类 SAs	喹诺酮类 QNs	大环内酯类 MLs	四环素类 TCs	参考文献号 reference No.
园地 garden	宁波市郊区 suburb of Ningbo City	ND~0.05 (0.03)	ND~2.99 (1.09)	ND~0.27 (0.08)	ND~25.75 (2.49)	[43]
园地 garden	宁波市海曙区 Haishu District Ningbo City	ND~0.053 (0.028)	ND~4.22 (1.089)	ND~0.594 (0.077)	ND~25.754 (2.491)	[45]
林地 forest land	宁波市郊区 suburb of Ninbo City	ND~0.10 (0.02)	0.07~1.79 (0.62)	ND~0.63 (0.13)	ND~1.84 (0.12)	[43]
林地 forest land	宁波市海曙区 Haishu District Ningbo City	ND~0.215 (0.02)	ND~3.079 (0.64)	ND~0.894 (0.14)	ND~2.358 (0.122)	[45]

地域 regions	动植物类别 animals and vegetables type	抗生素种类及其浓度 antibiotics types and their concentration				参考文献号 references No.
地域 regions	动植物类别 animals and vegetables type	磺胺类 SAs	喹诺酮类 QNs	大环内酯类 MLs	四环素类 TCs	参考文献号 references No.
海河 Hai River Delta	鱼体内 fish	ND~1 067.2 (115.2)	ND~151.6 (29.3)	ND~475.1 (90.6)	-	[19]
珠江三角洲 Pear River	淡水鱼 freshwater fish	19.4~140.5	7.0~185.7	-	-	[48]
	海鱼 sea fish	ND~43.3	2.5~47.1	-	-
	鱼血浆^* fish blood	ND~155.63 (15.35)	ND~74.15 (14.71)	ND~545 (29.44)	ND
珠江水系 Pearl River	鱼胆汁^* bile	ND~73.81 (6.61)	ND~507 (19.58)	ND~285 (26.1)	ND	[10]
	鱼肝脏 liver	ND~5.25 (1.14)	ND~76.66 (6.79)	ND~2390 (68.7)	ND~326 (13.7)
	鱼肌肉 muscle	ND~9.3 (1.31)	ND~25.02 (2.07)	ND~2.36 (0.49)	ND
天津 Tianjin	蔬菜 vegetable	1.1	2.1	-	158.1	[40]
山东 Shandong	蔬菜 vegetable	-	18.2~661.0 (157.7)	-	-	[11]
珠江三角洲 Pearl River Delta	蔬菜 vegetable	ND~28.52 (5.07)	0.81~20.14 (6.94)	-	ND~0.2 (0.02)	[50]

我国不同环境介质中的抗生素污染特征研究进展

Pollution characteristics of antibiotics in different environment media in China: a review

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