掌握黄山地区垂柳叶锈病的发生状况、病原及发生规律，为有效监测和控制垂柳叶锈病提供理论依据。

采用野外调查和室内试验的方法，观察叶锈病发生情况和夏孢子生物学习性。

垂柳叶锈病主要危害叶片、叶柄和花序等部位，初步鉴定病原菌为拟鞘锈栅锈菌（Melampsora coleosporioides）。该病菌夏孢子适宜萌发温度范围20～28 ℃，最适温度为22 ℃，2 h开始萌发。夏孢子萌发需要高湿度，对高温适应性差，这与垂柳叶锈病多在多雨、温暖的春秋季发生严重相吻合。拟鞘锈栅锈菌可以冬孢子堆在病落叶上越冬，但冬孢子的作用还不清楚，未发现转主寄主。另外，病菌也可以通过夏孢子堆中的夏孢子在病落叶上越冬，为翌年春季初侵染的主要来源。在垂柳生长季节夏孢子可造成多次侵染，5月和9月为侵染高峰期。

本研究明确黄山地区垂柳叶锈病的病原及发生规律，垂柳叶锈病的发生未发现转主寄生现象。这为该病害的流行、预测及药剂防治奠定基础。

Better understand the occurrence, development and pathogenesis of weeping willow leaf rust in Huangshan Region, and provide a theoretical basis for effective monitoring and control of weeping willow leaf rust.

We adopted a field investigation to learn occurrence situation and observed biological characteristics of pathogen by using laboratory experiments.

The results showed that the disease mainly affected the leaves, petiole, and inflorescences of weeping willows. The pathogen was identified as Melampsora coleosporioides. The suitable urediospore germination temperature of weeping willow rust ranges from 20 to 28. The optimum temperature is 22, and germination begins at 2 h. Urediospore germination requires a high humidity, and has a poor adaptability to high temperatures. This is consistent with the frequent occurrence of weeping willow leaf rust during spring and autumn, which are rainy and warm. Melampsora coleosporioides can overwinter on leaves infected with teleutosori, but the influence of teliospores is unclear, and no heteroecism has been found. In addition, the rust can also overwinter on leaves infected with uredinium, which is the main source of infection in the early spring of the following year. After several infections by urediospores, the disease reached peaks in May and September. During the process, heteroecism did not occur.

This study clarified the pathogen and occurrence law of weeping willow leaf rust in Huangshan Region, and laid the foundations for further research concerning the prevalence, prediction and pesticide control of the disease.