南京林业大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 1994, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (02): 13-18.doi: 10.3969/j.jssn.1000-2006.1994.02.003

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国鹅掌楸的地理分布与空间格局

方炎明   

  1. 南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院
  • 出版日期:1994-06-18 发布日期:1994-04-18

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND SPATIAL PATTERN OF LIRIODENDRON CHINENSE(HEMSL.)SARG

Fang Yanming   

  1. College of Forest Resources and Environment
  • Online:1994-06-18 Published:1994-04-18

摘要: <正>中国鹅掌楸是东亚-北美东部间断分布模式。该种的现代分布范围主要位于我国中亚热带,北纬22~32.5°,东经104.5~119.2°。大地理空间的分布格局呈聚集分布;小空间范围多呈均匀分布,个别地方居群里聚集分布。中国鹅掌楸在历史上有过兴盛时期,虽然总体上趋于衰退,但在局部有利的生境中表现一定的发展潜力。分布区及分布模式的形成,是鹅掌楸属的联合统一分布区分割的结果。它有三方面的原因:第三纪以来冷暖气候的波动是其动力;白令陆桥及其它地质事件是其途径和过程;该属本身的形态与遗传分化是其根源。中国鹅掌楸与其姊妹种北美鹅掌楸各自通过较近的祖先以分布区不重叠的方式分化而来。

Abstract: Liriodendron chinense is one of the genera with a disjunct pattern. It occurs mainly in subtropical China, with the latitude roughly from 22 to 32. 5 degrees, and the longitude roughly from 104. 5 to 1 19. 2 degrees. On a large scale, the distributive pattern trends to be aggregate. On a small scale, within a community it shows a tendency to be regular but occassionally aggregate. The Pattern analysis implies that the taxon ever reached a evolutional Peak historically, in spite of its prevailing tendency of phytogenetical declining recently. On the other hand, a few local population may still show evolutional potential. The modern range and distributive Pattern result from breaking of the formerly united and continuous range of Liriondendron. The possible reasons include: the Tertiary climate, paleogeology and evolution itself. The Tertiary climate characterized by cooling vs. warming fluctuation was a powerful dynamic agent. The existence of the Bering and other geographical events provided the Path and processes. Finally, the morphological and genetic divergence in the old genus were the source of this pattern development. On the basis of geographical analysis and pattern test, with the consideration of changing climate, changing geography, and evoluting biota, the author suggests that L. chinense and L. tulipifera are a pair of sister species. which may be derived from the near ancestors by allopatric speciation respectively.