Abstract: The ecotone between oasis and desert is a sensitive area of ecological environment changes in Tarim River Basin,which is also one of the key areas for biodiversity protection and global change researches.Affected by natural and artificial factors,the time space distribution features of water resources change obviously.As a result,some problems occurred,such as,saline content increasing in river and lake,soil salinization,grassland degradation and sandy desertification,and so on.Meanwhile,wind sand disaster,flooding and drought and other hazards restrict the development of society and economy in Tarim River Basin.Based on the conditions mentioned above,this paper builds up conceptual models of ecological environment evolotion,moreover,and with the support of GIS and related technologies,probes the theoretic models of sustainable ecological development patterns.