Abstract: The number of soil microbes and the composition of Bacteria in different plant communities of different succession stages in Natural Conservation of Baohua mountain in early summer were studied. The results showed that the total number of microbes of secondary bare area in early succession stage was less than that of Rhus forest. Both the number of total microbes and the number of each type of microbes in Rhus forest were more than those of the mixed evergreen deciduous forest and the secondary bare area. The results indicated the relationship between soil microbes and plant communities of different succession stages. Bacteria of 158 strains were isolated, purified and identified. The results showed that the numbers of bacteria genera in three sites of different succession stages were significantly different with the highest in SiteⅡand the lowest in SiteⅠ. Bacillus, Arthrobacter, Corynebacterium and Pseudomonas were the dominant genera, indicating the richness of soil microbe resources in Baohua mountain.