Abstract: China is one of the most serious soil erosion countries in the world.The total soil erosion quantity is about 6 000 million ton each year and it takes about 1/10 of the total erosion amount of the whole world.Almost 2 000 million ton of the eroded soil is transported into the sea every year.On the one hand,the serious soil erosion will cause both the nutrient loss of soil and water quality pollution because of the chemical fertilizer and pesticide from soil.On the other hand,the accommodation and discharge capability of rivers and lakes are decreased greatly for the season of soil accumulation on the bottom of rivers and lakes.Furthermore,The contradiction function of soil system on calamity is reduced largely with the decreasing of soil depth and deteriorating of soil characteristics.Based on the analysis,the relation of soil erosion formation cause and characteristics as well as harmfulness with vegetation restoration,some of the important and suitable measures on forest vegetation restoration are brought forward in the paper in order to control the serious soil erosion.There is a great guidance action on the ecological environment construction in the western part of China.