Abstract: In allusion to the serious problem on agricultural production caused by salt and alkali in the flooding area of Yellow River in Fengxian county,the development processes and influence factors of salt and alkali soil in the area are analyzed in the paper.The developing mechanism of salt and alkali soils is discussed and the improvement measures are put forward in the paper.And also some measures have been taken in practice.It is of great theory importance and practice significance to the sustainable development of agriculture in the flooding area of Yellow River.