Abstract: The introduction and cultivation of Rhododendron in Lushan Botanical Garden started since 1982.About 300 species and varieties have been introduced.The work experience and cultivated results for 20 years are reported in this paper.Through the observation of growth and development of the plants of the genus Rhododendron,their adaptability in Lushan mountain is discussed:(1)The growth of Rhododendron from Sino-Japanese Subregion,is superior to that in Sino-Himalayan Subregion,especially those from the middle-high hill of the middle and lower reaches of the Changjiang River grow extremely well;(2)The growth of Rhododendron introduced from the subtropical humid monsoon climate zone is superior to that from the southern subtropical semi-humid climate zone(the southern and south-western Yunnan);(3)The adaptability of species with wide ecological range is superior to that of the narrow-ecological rang;(4)The Rhododendron evolving towards warm and humid climate,from the temperate zone and subtropics,grow well.While those evolving towards dry and cold climate,from the high-hill groups or the tropical epiphyte,have inferior adaptability;((5)General) adaptabilities are arranged in the order:Rhododendron Subgen.Anthodendron,Azaleastrum,Hymenanthes,Pseudoanthodendron,Rhododendron;(6)Rhododendron from Japan or North America has an advantage in adaptability in Mt.Lushan;the long-cultivated wild species are easy to be introduced.