Abstract: The standardized procedure for RAPD and the fingerprint mappings of the main (12 varieties) of chestnut in Hubei province were established by RAPD molecular markers.With 10 random oligonucleotide primers screened,these varieties of chestnut were distinguished based on the specific marker or combination of markers.At the same time,the genetic diversity of the varieties was studied.The purpose of the research is to establish a standard method of determination for varieties of chestnut and scientific theory foundation for chestnut breeding in Hubei province.