<正>对豫南茶园芽及叶栖真菌种群的演替进行了研究。结果表明，该区芽叶栖真菌有26属40种，多数为半知菌，部分为子囊菌，少数为接合菌。其中，细交链孢霉（Alternaria tenuis）、茶园赤星病菌（Cercospora theae）、旋丝毛壳菌（Chaetomium bostrychodes）、黑腐菌（Guignardia camelliae）、茶炭疽病菌（Gloeosporium theae-sinensis）、茶褐斑大茎点霉（Macrophoma abensis）、茶枝腐病菌（M. theaecola）、茶轮斑病菌（Pestalotiopsis theae）、多色拟盘多毛孢菌（P. versicolor）、木霉（Trichoderma sp. ）10种真菌为优势种。茶园芽叶栖真菌种群演替与季平均温度及降雨量密切相关，春秋季节真菌种类丰富，夏冬季节种类较少。

Effects of salicylic acid (SA) on the induced resistance in Japanese black pine(Pinus thunbergii) seedlings to pine wilt disease and the changes of PAL and POD in the seedlings, during induced phase with SA were studied. The results showed that resistance of different degree induced by both spraying needles and soaking roots with SA and the SA could excite the increase of PAl. and POD. The better effects of induced resistance in pine seedlings by spraying needles were 61.9% when the concentration of SA was 0.01 retool/L, and that by soaking roots with 0.01 mmol/L SA was 71.4% when the soaking time was 3 h. The induced resistance in pine seedlings inoculated defiantly with Bursaphelenchus xylophilus was better at 5 days than at 10 days after the spraying and soaking treatments with SA. The induced resistance was better with soaking roots, which was better than spraying needles. The activity of PAL andPOD in the pine seedlings was increased and reached the highest level on the eighth day, POD 146% and PAL 64% respectively. Later, the enzyme activity decreased, but it was still higher than that of the control, POD 221% and PAL 150% on the twelfth day.