Abstract: Vegetative Storage Protein (VSP) was the main form of nitrogen storage and played an important roles in the cycle of nitrogen in many woody plants. The result of research on the distribution of VSP in trees and the mechanism of accumulation and degradation of the VSP in woody plants were reviewed in the article. The internal and exterior factors that affected the metabolization of VSP were discussed strongly in this paper. Meanwhile, the perspective of studying physiological functions of VSP was prospected.