Abstract: The radial variation trend of tracheid morphology and microfibril angle of compression wood and opposite wood of branches from five Ginkgo biloba L. cultivars including “No.3 Horse Bell” from China, “Tengjiulang”, “Jinbingwei”, “Huangjinwan” and “Lingnan” from Japan were studied in this paper. The results showed that the variation trend of double wall thickness and tangential diameter was increased basically from pith to bark, and the curve presented “V”type or “N”type. The radial diameter of compression wood increased gradually, however, the radial diameter of the opposite wood was increased at first and then decreased. The variation trend of the ratio of cell wall to cavity was increased from pith to bark, but the variation trend of the widthdiameter ratio was opposite. The microfibril angle decreased gradually with the increase of growth ring, the curve presented “N”type or “∧”type. The double wall thickness, radial diameter and microfibril angle of compression wood were bigger than that of opposite wood, but the tangential diameter was opposite. It was found from the analysis results of SAS software that the differences of other indexes between compression wood and opposite wood were significant except cell wall/cavity ratio and width/diameter ratio. It was shown from the analysis results of all the characteristics that the growth rate of ‘Huangjinwan’ was the slowest and “No.3 Horse Bell” was the fastest among the five cultivars.