通过对西南桦人工林多样性与相似性的比较，得出：(1)西双版纳13年生西南桦人工林植物物种多样性得到较好恢复，其中，在山地雨林采伐迹地上经火烧整地后直接营造的西南桦人工林，其灌木层和草本层多样性指数均超过山地雨林；(2)西南桦人工林的物种组成和丰富度与更新迹地的原生植被及次生裸地状况密切相关；(3)利用先锋树种采用近自然的人工林经营方式可加速林分向地带性植被演替的进程；(4)适时地开展西南桦人工林抚育间伐将有利于促进西南桦的生长和人工林多样性的维持。

Compared with the tropical montane rain forest and Betula alnoides secondary forest, the study on plant diversity and similarity of B.alnoides plantation could make the preliminary results and conclusions as follows: (1) the plant diversity of 13 yearsold B.alnoides plantation has been recovered preferably, of which the tree species richness (S), ShannonWiener diversity (H′), Simpson index (λ), and Pielou’s evenness index (Jsw) of the plantation artificially regenerated from tropical montane rain forest logged stands, have exceeded that of tropical montane rain forest in Puwen. (2) The species composition and richness of B.alnoides plantation were closely related with native vegetation and the status of secondary bare land. (3) Conducting silviculture activities with pioneer species, such as B.alnoides, would benefit speeding up the succession towards the zonal vegetation. (4) Tending and thinning at proper time would be helpful for accelerating the growth of B.alnoides, and it would also benefit the plantation biodiversity.