Abstract: In this paper, the author chose cisbutanedioic anhydride, 1,2benzenedicarboxylic anhydride, benzyl chloride as esterification and etherification reagent, on the purpose of researching the diversification of poplar. SEM, IR, DSC,and Xray diffraction were used for diversification analysis. Using DSC, there are a great many of changes after esterification and etherification, especially by benzyl chloride. The benzylate poplar has good thermoplasticity, the melting temperature is about 100℃. The SEM and Xray results revealed that the thready microstructure of benzylate poplar disappear, which had anomalistic noncrystalline microstructure. The IR revealed that after benzylate, the hydroxide of wood was replaced by benzyl, and the effect of etherification was evident.