鸟类夜栖树的景观差异，对于营造鸟类栖息条件、人工招引鸟类有积极的促进作用。笔者对云南省昆明市12种鸟类栖息的189棵夜栖树的28个景观因子进行了主成分分析。通过前后两次主成分分析，发现黄臀鹎偏好选择西方近距离内有高大建筑物的树木夜栖；黑头金翅雀和麻雀偏好选择日照时间短、郁蔽度好、林地面积大的树木，其中黑头金翅雀所在区域的噪音大，而麻雀夜栖树所在区域的噪音小。作为城市中常见的鸟类，它们在选择夜栖树时对城市噪音和光有很大程度的适应。其余9种鸟类偏好选择西方没有高大的建筑物、郁蔽度相对较差、但日照时间长的树木夜栖（日照时间长有助于保持相对恒定的温度，夜间保温是昆明鸟类择树夜栖的主要选择因素）
Abstract
The differences of landscape of bird roost trees has a positive role in creating habitat conditions and attracting birds artificially. One hundred eighty nine roost trees for 12 kinds of birds were found in Kunming city, Yunan province. Principal component analysis with 28 landscape factors of roost trees was conducted. The results of two principle component analyses showed that Pycnonotus xanthorrhous preferred to roost in trees with tall buildings in the West. Carduelis ambigua and Passer montanus preferred to roost in trees with shorter sunshine hours and good canopy density. Roost trees for Carduelis ambigua are always noiseful while roost trees for Passer montanus are noiseless. As common birds in cities, they show high degree on adaptive ability to city noise and light in choosing roost trees. The other 9 bird species prefer roost trees without tall buildings in the West, poor canopy density but long light hours. The longer light hours are conducive to maintaining relatively constant temperature. Warming at night may be the key factor for birds to choose roost trees in Kunming.
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基金
收稿日期：2010-07-14修回日期：2011-04-11基金项目：云南省野生动植物保护与利用重点学科资助项目(XKZ200904)作者简介：李旭(1981—)，讲师，硕士。Email: lixu.swfc@yahoo.com.cn。
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