Abstract: The important roles of genetic improved seeds & seedlings were approved in modern reforestation. We performed a systematic analyzing onthe strength, opportunity, weakness and threats for the genetic improvement of forest seeds & seedlings in China. Based on the analysis, the guiding ideology and goal of forest and tree genetic improvement in China were put forward. The long-term plans and the systematic strategies for tree breeding including, multiplication of improved material and improved seeds extension should be careful considered to realize the main goals of genetic improvement for forest seeds & seedlings production.