Abstract: We analyzed the morphology of guard hairs sampled from the back and abdomen of the white weasel (Mustela erminea)and siberian weasel (M. sibirica) by using the scanning electron microscope technique. Statistics analysis indicated significant differences were found between the two species in morphological parameters such as the order of scale types along the hair, dominant scale types, scale height, density and shapes. The results showed that the order of dominant scale type of guard hairs from both the back and the abdomen of the white weasel was the elongated petal followed by irregular wave, while the dominance of scale types in the siberian weasel was irregular wave followed by elongated petal. The differences of density of the back and abdomen irregular wave were very significant(p<0.01)between the two species, while the density and the height of the back elongated petal were significant different between the two species. Some noteworthy questions for such application were also discussed based on this study.