以黄菖蒲(Iris pseudacorus)、梭鱼草(Pontederia cordata)、香蒲(Typha orientalis)、再力花(Thalia dealbata)、千屈菜(Spiked loosestrlfe)为材料，应用桶培试验研究了污水浸淹下5种挺水植物叶绿素(Chl.)、类胡萝卜素(Caro.)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、游离脯氨酸(Free pro.)等生理指标的变化，对水体总氮(TN)、氨氮(NH+4-N)、硝态氮(NO-3-N)、亚硝态氮(NO-2-N)、总磷(TP)和化学需氧量(COD)的去除效果进行了比较。结果表明：污水浸淹下，叶绿素含量尽管初期有所波动，但后期均表现为下降，类胡萝卜素也呈现类似的变化；浸淹15～30 d，黄菖蒲和千屈菜2种植物体内SOD活性变化小，其余植物SOD明显下降，但浸淹45 d后5种植物SOD均上升；浸淹15～30 d，5种植物MDA含量变化不大，但浸淹45 d后，5种植物MDA含量明显升高；梭鱼草、黄菖蒲的游离脯氨酸含量变幅较大，其余植物的变动不明显。比较不同植物的生理反应，香蒲对污水胁迫的生理反应不敏感，对污水的适应性相对较强。从不同植物对试验水体的影响来看，再力花对TN的去除率最高(RTN = 61.75 %)，香蒲对TP的吸收能力最强(RTP = 87.50 %)，为优良的净水植物。
Abstract
Changes of chlorophyll and carotenoid content, SOD, MDA, proline content in leaves of 5 emerged plants (Iris pseudacorus, Pontederia cordata, Typha orientalis, Thalia dealbata and Spiked loosestrlfe) under sewage submerging were studied by potted plant experiments, and their effects of purifying sewage were discussed by analyzing 6 water quality parameters: TN, NH+4-N, (NO-3-N＋NO-2-N), TP and COD. The results were as follows: the chlorophyll content of 5 emerged plants fluctuated at the initial submerging period, but declined towards the end of sewage submerging, the carotenoid content had the similar tendency. During 15th-30th day after submerging, the change of SOD activity of both I. pseudacorus and S. loosestrlfe was little, and that of other plants went down, but SOD activity of whole plants increased after 45 days of submerging, and MDA content had a trend of rising at the later submerging period even though the change was not very acute in 15-30 days of submerging. The proline content of I. pseudacorus and P. cordata varied greatly, and that of other plants were not evident. The results from the comparation of physiological responses of five emerged plants showed T. orientalis, which wasnt sensitive to sewage submerging, was an more enduring specie to sewage submerging. On the other hand, the removal rates of T. dealbata to TN was 61.75 %, that of T. orientalis to TP was 87.50 %, so they were fine water punfication plant.
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基金
收稿日期：2011-11-14修回日期：2012-06-08
基金项目：江苏省自然科学基金重点项目(BK2010094)；国家林业公益性行业科研专项项目(200904001)
第一作者：黄雪方，讲师，硕士。*通信作者：李冬林，副研究员，E-mail: lidonglin126@126.com。
引文格式：黄雪方，李冬林，金雅琴,等. 5种挺水植物对污水浸淹的生理反应及净水效果[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2012,36(5):66-70.
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