Abstract: Toona ciliata var. pubescens is a deciduous, broadleaved, fast growing tree species belonging to Toona genus Meliaceae. It is a valuable tree species, and has high economic values and developing foreground. In order to investigate geographic variation of seed/fruit and seedling growing traits, experimental samples from thirteen provenances of Toona ciliata var. pubescens were studied. We analyzed 11 seed/fruit phenotypic traits, seedling height and base diameter. It was found that phenotypic traits among provenances were significantly different. The size of seed and fruit from south and west distribution zone was larger than those from north and east distribution zone. The frost free period and altitude were the main factors that affected the size of seed and fruit. Differences of seedling height，base diameter were significant. Broad heritability of two seedling traits was above the moderate. The base diameter was significant negative related to latitude of provenance. Latitude variation pattern was found for the base diameter. Five provenances that grew fast were selected for experiments and popularization.