两种采伐方式对马尾松人工林林分空间结构的影响

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202107012

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5): 138-146.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202107012

两种采伐方式对马尾松人工林林分空间结构的影响

王宇¹(), 易艳灵¹^,², 刘海¹, 文晓晨¹, 李天一¹, 尹海锋¹, 李贤伟¹, 范川¹^,^*()

1.四川农业大学林学院,四川成都 611130
2.四川省内江市威远县新场镇人民政府,四川威远 641000

收稿日期:2021-07-07 修回日期:2023-01-19 出版日期:2023-09-30 发布日期:2023-10-10
作者简介:王宇(157473939@qq.com)。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0600302);德国政府财政贷款四川省林业可持续经营管理项目(G1403083)

Initial impacts of two thinning methods on the spatial structure of Pinus massoniana plantations

WANG Yu¹(), YI Yanling¹^,², LIU Hai¹, WEN Xiaochen¹, LI Tianyi¹, YIN Haifeng¹, LI Xianwei¹, FAN Chuan¹^,^*()

1. College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
2. People’s Government of Xinchang Town, Weiyuan Country Neijiang City of Sichuan Province, Weiyuan 641000,China

Received:2021-07-07 Revised:2023-01-19 Online:2023-09-30 Published:2023-10-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探讨不同采伐方式和采伐强度对马尾松(Pinus massoniana)人工林空间结构的影响,为马尾松人工林林分结构优化和质量提升提供科学依据。【方法】以四川大茅坪国有林场马尾松人工林为研究对象,设置两种采伐方式:目标树经营(目标树数量0、100、167、233、300株/hm²)和基于目标树采伐蓄积强度设置相对应的传统抚育间伐(折算为0%、8.6%、16.1%、24.0%、29.2%),将目标树经营和传统抚育间伐中采伐强度为0株/hm²合并记为CK。采用基于Voronoi图的林分结构参数(混交度、角尺度、大小比数、开敞度和竞争指数)和空间结构评价指数对林分空间结构进行评价。【结果】两种采伐方式对林分混交度的影响有差别,具体为:目标树经营下,林分混交度呈上升趋势,而传统抚育间伐无显著变化。两种采伐实施后,林分角尺度表现为显著增加的趋势,但林分仍处于均匀分布格局,目标树经营相较于传统抚育经营,林分随机分布比例提升相对较高,林分大小比数无显著变化。两种采伐方式均能提高林分开敞度,且随采伐强度增加呈现出上升趋势,在同一采伐强度下,开敞度值表现出目标树经营大于传统抚育间伐。林分竞争指数呈现显著下降的趋势,且在同一采伐强度下,竞争压力表现为目标树经营小于传统抚育间伐;两种采伐方式均显著提高了林分空间结构评价指数,增长率分别为28.8%~65.6%(目标树经营)和14.2%~44.5%(传统抚育间伐)。【结论】基于研究区内马尾松人工林现状,目标树经营较传统抚育经营下林分空间结构更趋于合理,马尾松近熟林合理的目标树保留木数量为233株/hm²左右。

关键词: 马尾松人工林, 目标树经营, 传统抚育间伐, 林分空间结构, 采伐强度

Abstract:

【Objective】This research aims to explore the effects of two tree thinning methods and intensities on the spatial structure of Pinus massoniana plantations, to provide a scientific basis for optimizing their structure and quality. 【Method】Two thinning methods-crop tree management and traditional tending management-with five thinning intensities (0, 100, 167, 233 and 300 trees/hm²) were established, at Damaoping State-Owned Forest Farm, an intensity of 0 trees/hm² was used as a cotrol. Next we surveyed tree species (measuring tree height, diameter at breast height and distance between neighboring trees), drew Voronoi diagrams, and calculated spatial structure parameters for each stand: mingling index(M), neighborhood comparison(U), uniform angle index(W), opening degree(K), competition index(CI) and comprehensive evaluation index(Z). 【Result】After thinning, the M parameters for crop tree and traditional tending management were heterogeneous: the former increased, while the latter did not significantly change. The W parameter increased, but the forest stands remained uniformly distributed. The forest was more randomly distributed with crop tree management than traditional tending management, while U parameters did not significantly change. Both thinning methods increased at the K parameter, which was larger for crop tree management than for traditional management. Both thinning methods saw a decrease in the CI parameter, likewise more so for traditional tending management. Finally, both crop tree and traditional management significantly improved the comprehensive evaluation indexes, which ranged from 28.8% to 65.6% and from 14.2% to 44.5%, respectively. 【Conclusion】The crop tree management was more reasonable than that of the traditional tending, with the number of target trees approximately 233 trees/hm² in the near-mature Masson pine forest.

Key words: Pinus massoniana plantation, crop tree management, traditional tending management, spatial structure of stand, cutting intensity

中图分类号:

S753
S756

王宇,易艳灵,刘海,等. 两种采伐方式对马尾松人工林林分空间结构的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(5): 138-146.

WANG Yu, YI Yanling, LIU Hai, WEN Xiaochen, LI Tianyi, YIN Haifeng, LI Xianwei, FAN Chuan. Initial impacts of two thinning methods on the spatial structure of Pinus massoniana plantations[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2023, 47(5): 138-146.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202107012.

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采伐方式 thinning type	处理 treatment	海拔/m elevation	伐前林分密度/ (株·hm^-2) density before thinning	伐后林分密度/ (株·hm^-2) density after thinning	伐前林分平均胸径/cm average DBH before thinning	伐后林分平均胸径/cm average DBH after thinning
CK	CK	700~740	1 681±51	1 681±51	17.1±0.3	17.1±0.3
目标树经营 crop tree management	T₁	700~740	1 716±49	1 522±59	16.7±0.4	16.1±0.4
	T₂	700~740	1 710±67	1 400±41	16.8±0.1	16.2±0.1
	T₃	700~740	1 638±48	1 244±31	17.2±0.6	16.8±0.6
	T₄	700~740	1 777±44	1 205±47	16.9±0.2	16.4±0.3
抚育间伐 traditional tending management	V₁	700~740	1 739±25	1 333±33	16.3±0.2	17.7±0.2
	V₂	700~740	1 655±44	1 681±57	17.1±0.5	18.4±0.5
	V₃	700~740	1 760±48	1 138±58	17.3±0.4	19.7±0.4
	V₄	700~740	1 805±91	1 000±43	16.9±0.5	18.8±0.5

两种采伐方式对马尾松人工林林分空间结构的影响

Initial impacts of two thinning methods on the spatial structure of Pinus massoniana plantations

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[1]	武燕, 黄青, 刘讯, 郑睿, 岑佳宝, 丁波, 张运林, 符裕红. 西南喀斯特地区马尾松人工林林龄对土壤理化性质的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(3): 99-107.
[2]	罗艳, 何朋俊, 吕倩, 范川, 冯茂松, 李贤伟, 陈露蔓. 目标树经营初期对马尾松人工林碳贮量的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(2): 206-214.
[3]	叶钰倩,赵家豪,刘畅,关庆伟. 间伐对马尾松人工林根际土壤氮含量及酶活性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2018, 42(03): 193-198.
[4]	肖欣,王雄涛,欧阳勋志. 马尾松人工林土壤有机碳特征及其与凋落物质量的关系[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2015, 39(06): 105-111.
[5]	曾群英,李际平,黄剑坚,刘素青,韩维栋,周元满. 红树林林分空间结构健康指数的测度与应用[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2014, 38(04): 177-180.
[6]	郝俊鹏,凌宁,李瑞霞,王东,闵建刚,彭婷婷,刘娜,关庆伟. 间伐对马尾松人工林土壤酶活性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2013, 37(04): 51-56.