Abstract: "Zaoyuan" (landscape architecture) and "yuanlin" (garden, the modern name of which being "tingyuan") are two long-used terms in Chinese language which should neither be considered as the same, nor made mixed up. While "yuanlin" (garden) means a piece of land, often with a house or houses, on which plants, etc., are arranged to give a pleasant effect, "zaoyuan" (landscape architecture) refers to beauti-fication of any environments, i. e., in addition to "yuanlin" (garden), it includes all those sorts of things like park, zoo, botanical garden, scenic spot, historic site, natural conservation, environmental protection, recreational engineering, beautification of national land, etc. Experts attending a meeting of the U. N. International Federation of Landscape Architects unanimously held that in future the tendency of the development of landscape architecture was towards taking gardens as a starting point and Nature a wide field to proceed with, where national parks, natural conservations, etc., can be built and recreational engineering, national land beautification, etc., done. Accordingly, "yuanlin" (garden) is only one type of "zaoyuan" (landscape architecture), and it is not scientific and appropriate to incorporate into the term "yuanlin" (garden) things which are beyond its scope on one hand and narrow the range of "Zaoyuan" (landscape architecture) on the other. If the two terms are not made clear to us, or, if they are mixed up, undertakings of both "yuanlin" and "zaoyuan" would be hampered, which would in turn harm the construction of our country. It is just for this reason that the terms of "yuanlin" and "zaoyuan" should be clarified, used in their right senses and not made confused.