6个竹种竹叶的解剖形态观察与三维构建

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201810044

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 47-53.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201810044

6个竹种竹叶的解剖形态观察与三维构建

苏佳露¹^,²^,³(), 林树燕¹^,²^,^*(), 史无双¹^,²^,³, 王星¹^,²^,³, 郑笑¹^,²^,³, 万雅雯¹^,²^,³, 丁雨龙¹^,²

1.南京林业大学,南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京 210037
2.南京林业大学竹类研究所,江苏南京 210037
3.南京林业大学生物与环境学院,江苏南京 210037

收稿日期:2018-10-31 修回日期:2018-11-10 出版日期:2020-02-08 发布日期:2020-02-02
通讯作者: 林树燕
作者简介:苏佳露( sujialu1023@163.com)。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0600901);国家自然科学基金项目(31870595);江苏省林业三新工程(LYSX[2016]04);国家科技支撑计划(农业)重点项目(BE2016304);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

Anatomical observation and three-dimensional construction of leaf blades from six bamboos

SU Jialu¹^,²^,³(), LIN Shuyan¹^,²^,^*(), SHI Wushuang¹^,²^,³, WANG Xing¹^,²^,³, ZHENG Xiao¹^,²^,³, WAN Yawen¹^,²^,³, DING Yulong¹^,²

1. Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
2. Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
3. College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2018-10-31 Revised:2018-11-10 Online:2020-02-08 Published:2020-02-02
Contact: LIN Shuyan

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】比较6个观赏彩叶竹种/品种叶片结构差异,了解竹类植物叶片内部解剖结构的立体图像,构建6个竹种/品种叶片三维形态结构图。【方法】以‘七彩红竹’、靓竹、菲白竹、锦竹、‘黄条金刚竹’、花叶唐竹6个彩叶竹种/品种为材料,利用石蜡切片方法,制作叶片的3个切面(垂直于中脉的横切面、平行于中脉的纵切面、平行于叶表皮的平切面),通过光学显微镜成像系统对6个竹种/品种叶片各切面解剖结构进行观察和数据测量,并通过Photoshop拼构6个竹种/品种的叶片三维结构示意图。【结果】6个竹种/品种叶片表皮系统结构相似,泡状细胞多为2~5列交错排列,上表皮脉区短细胞集中分布;叶片基本组织系统细胞构成差异显著,叶肉细胞排列紧密有规律,不同竹种叶片叶肉细胞层数、细胞大小各不相同;梭型细胞为凋亡和具生活力两种形态,‘七彩红竹’叶片内梭型细胞全部凋亡,菲白竹、锦竹、花叶唐竹叶片内梭型细胞多数凋亡,靓竹、‘黄条金刚竹’叶片内梭型细胞极少凋亡;各竹种/品种维管系统由主脉、一级脉、二级脉和小横脉构成。【结论】6个竹种/品种叶片三维结构图的建立有助于更好地了解竹叶内部结构,并为竹子系统演化以及分类提供一定的借鉴。

关键词: 观赏竹, 竹叶, 解剖特征, 三维形态结构

Abstract:

【Objective】 To compare the differences in leaf structure and understand the three-dimensional images of the internal anatomical structures of six bamboo species/cultivars. 【Method】 The leaves of six bamboo species/cultivars were collected, including Indosasa hispida ‘Rainbow’, Sasaella glabra f. albostriata, Pleioblastus fortunei, Hibanobambusa tranquillans f. shiroshima, Sasaella kongosanensis ‘Aureostriatus’ and Sinobambusa tootsik var. luteoloalbostriata. For each species/cultivars, the leaf anatomical structures (transverse section: perpendicular to the transverse section of the midrib, longitudinal section: parallel to the longitudinal section of the midrib, and another section: parallel to the leaf epidermis) were obtained by paraffin sectioning and photographed under light microscopy. Then, the three-dimensional inner structures of the leaves were generated in Photoshop.【Result】 The epidermal system of the six bamboo species/cultivars was similarly structured. Most of the bulliform cells were arranged in 2-5 rows; and the short cells were concentrated near the vein area of the upper epidermis. However, there were significant differences in the basic structure of the leaf tissue system. The number of layers and the size of the mesophyll cells among the six bamboo species/cultivars were different, though the arrangement of the mesophyll cells was regular. There were two types of fusoid cells among the six species/cultivars: apoptotic and viable. The fusoid cells were apoptotic in the leaves ofIn. hispida ‘Rainbow’, most fusoid cells were apoptotic in the leaves of Pl. fortunei, H. tranquillans f. shiroshima and S. tootsik var. luteoloalbostriata, while few of the fusoid cells were apoptotic in the leaves of S. kongosanensis ‘Aureostriatus’ and S. glabra f. albostriata. The vascular system consists of the midrib, primary vein, secondary vein, and minor transverse veins. 【Conclusion】 The establishment of the three-dimensional structure of bamboo leaves helps us understand the internal structure better and provides us a reference for further classification and system evolution in bamboo.

Key words: ornamental bamboo, bamboo leaves, anatomical characteristics, three-dimensional structure

中图分类号:

S718

苏佳露,林树燕,史无双,等. 6个竹种竹叶的解剖形态观察与三维构建[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(1): 47-53.

SU Jialu, LIN Shuyan, SHI Wushuang, WANG Xing, ZHENG Xiao, WAN Yawen, DING Yulong. Anatomical observation and three-dimensional construction of leaf blades from six bamboos[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 44(1): 47-53.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201810044.

图/表 4

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竹种/品种 bamboo species/ cultivar	表皮厚度/μm epidermis thickness		长细胞长度/μm long cell length	短细胞数量 short cell	泡状细胞组 the bulliform cells
竹种/品种 bamboo species/ cultivar	上表皮 upper	下表皮 lower	长细胞长度/μm long cell length	短细胞数量 short cell	长/μm length	宽/μm width
‘七彩红竹’	10.50±0.99 d	8.58±1.17 d	98.16±24.57 a	脉区较多分布,脉间少量分布	44.86±5.42 b	59.35± 5.30 c
菲白竹	12.91±1.75 c	9.30±1.39 d	68.94±16.79 c	脉区集中分布,脉间少量分布	44.53±4.87 b	72.98±10.00 a
靓竹	15.98±2.01 a	12.38±2.14 b	63.92±17.89 c	脉区脉间随机分布	47.75±8.46 b	65.33±10.07 b
‘黄条金刚竹’	13.52±1.47 c	11.48±1.90 bc	94.06±21.71 a	脉区较多分布,脉间少量分布	53.30±4.28 a	75.95±8.20 a
锦竹	16.49±2.30 a	13.63±2.57 a	83.24±22.24 b	脉区较多分布,脉间少量分布	46.21±7.40 b	71.24±11.93 a
花叶唐竹	14.42±1.31 b	11.23±1.94 c	74.58±13.37 bc	脉区较多分布,脉间少量分布	37.41±5.68 c	76.43±8.51 a

竹种/品种 bamboo species/ cultivar	指状臂细胞厚度 arm cell thickness	梅花状细胞厚度 rosette cell thickness	梭型细胞长度 fusoid cell length	叶片厚度 leaf thickness
‘七彩红竹’	20.70±1.68 d	14.06±2.17 c	86.90±6.36 a	85.50±13.75 f
菲白竹	23.71±2.15 c	18.56±1.87 b	61.61±12.80 b	116.48 ±20.83 d
靓竹	27.12±3.43 ab	19.64± 3.08 ab	45.11±7.14 d	148.05±8.06 a
‘黄条金刚竹’	26.58±3.59 b	18.40±2.51 b	50.30±7.30 cd	128.57±8.79 c
锦竹	28.55±5.03 a	20.26±3.51 a	66.64±6.87 b	140.11±6.63 b
花叶唐竹	23.92±4.04 c	13.65±1.74 c	54.32±9.95 c	104.29±6.77 e

竹种/品种 bamboo species/ cultivar	一级脉 first vascular		二级脉横截面积/μm² area of second vascular	横脉横截面积/μm² area of transverse vascular	二级脉间距/μm distance between second vascular
竹种/品种 bamboo species/ cultivar	数量 number	横截面积/μm² area	二级脉横截面积/μm² area of second vascular	横脉横截面积/μm² area of transverse vascular	二级脉间距/μm distance between second vascular
‘七彩红竹’	14~18	7 434.26±931.09 ab	2 235.06±212.00 a	453.72±80.22 a	210.91±18.71 a
菲白竹	8~10	5 557.01±754.38 c	1 872.54±160.40 b	446.83±42.15 a	162.85±34.51 cd
靓竹	8~10	6 621.92±638.44 b	2 028.52±330.86 ab	362.86±84.91 b	134.99±23.99 d
‘黄条金刚竹’	10~12	8 050.18±382.74 a	1 820.15±334.88 b	369.76±71.13 b	156.31±14.43 d
锦竹	12~14	7 545.59±628.31 a	1 913.39±496.72 b	374.55±105.3 b	194.20±15.27 b
花叶唐竹	6~8	3 833.54±410.90 d	1 542.28±198.71 c	221.73±38.61 c	174.59±12.54 c

6个竹种竹叶的解剖形态观察与三维构建

Anatomical observation and three-dimensional construction of leaf blades from six bamboos

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