呼和浩特市主要园林树种理化性质及燃烧性研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201905024

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 74-80.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201905024

呼和浩特市主要园林树种理化性质及燃烧性研究

王雷(), 徐家琛, 朱鹏飞, 李佳艳, 张恒()

内蒙古农业大学林学院, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010019

收稿日期:2019-05-16 修回日期:2019-07-18 出版日期:2020-05-30 发布日期:2020-06-11
通讯作者: 张恒
作者简介:王雷（wangzhuoran2003@sina.com），副教授,博士。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31860211);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2019M653807XB);内蒙古农业大学高层次人才引进项目(206039);内蒙古农业大学博士后基金项目(108950)

Physical and chemical properties and combustibility of predominant landscape tree species in Hohhot, China

WANG Lei(), XU Jiachen, ZHU Pengfei, LI Jiayan, ZHANG Heng()

Forestry College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China

Received:2019-05-16 Revised:2019-07-18 Online:2020-05-30 Published:2020-06-11
Contact: ZHANG Heng

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的

树木是森林或园林城市火灾发生的物质基础，也是火灾发生不可避免的因素。园林植物合理的选择和配置是构建生物防火林带的基础工作。对呼和浩特市21种园林树种叶、小枝、大枝进行燃烧性研究，筛选适合北方城市绿地强抗火防火型树种，为园林树种配置提供理论基础。

方法

借助SPSS 18.0和Origin 2018等软件，运用主成分分析法对影响树种燃烧性的含水率、粗脂肪、粗灰分、燃点、热值等5项理化性质指标进行分析，并对各树种燃烧性进行综合评价。

结果

21种园林树种的燃烧性大小顺序由强到弱依次为小叶黄杨、砂地柏、蒙古荚蒾、柽柳、蒙桑、紫叶碧桃、暴马丁香、一叶萩、接骨木、土庄绣线菊、沙枣、细裂槭、山桃、互叶醉鱼草、华北珍珠梅、紫叶小檗、黄刺玫、重瓣榆叶梅、灰栒子、锦带花、枸杞。这些树种划分为3个等级：强抗火性、可抗火性、弱抗火性。强抗火树种包括紫叶小檗、黄刺玫、重瓣榆叶梅、灰栒子、锦带花、枸杞；可抗火性树种包括一叶萩、接骨木、土庄绣线菊、沙枣、细裂槭、山桃、互叶醉鱼草、华北珍珠梅；弱抗火性树种包括小叶黄杨、砂地柏、蒙古荚蒾、柽柳、蒙桑、紫叶碧桃、暴马丁香。

结论

呼和浩特市21种园林树种中基于阻火优先筛选的树种为紫叶小檗、黄刺玫、重瓣榆叶梅、灰栒子、锦带花、枸杞，研究结果可为园林树种防控城市森林火灾提供树种选择依据。

关键词: 园林树种, 燃烧性, 主成分分析, 抗火性, 呼和浩特

Abstract: Objective

Trees are the essential fuel in forest or landscape fires, thus reasonable selection and allocation of plants in landscape design is crucial for establishing biological fire?resistant forest belts. Currently, research on flammability is predominantly focused on forest fuels, and few studies have investigated combustibility of landscape tree species. We examined tree combustibility using leaves, twigs and branches of 21 landscape tree species in Hohhot, China, and we suggest tree species with high fire resistance as a theoretical basis for urban ecological safety and allocation of landscape tree species for fire?resistant woodland.

Method

Principal component analyses in SPSS 18.0 and Origin 2018 software were used to analyze five physical and chemical properties including moisture content, crude fat, crude ash, ignition point and calorific value, which affect combustibility of trees, and combustibility of each tree species was assessed comprehensively.

Result

The 21 landscape tree species were ranked from high to low combustibility as follows: Buxus sinica, Sabina vulgaris, Viburnum mongolicum, Tamarix chinensis, Morus mongolica, Amygdalus persica, Syringa reticulata, Flueggea suffruticosa, Sambucus williamsii, Spiraea pubescens, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Acer stenolobum, Amygdalus davidiana, Buddleja alternifolia, Sorbaria kirilowii, Berberis xinganensis, Rosa xanthina, Amygdalus triloba, Cotoneaster acutifolius, Weigela florida and Lycium chinense. The tree species were assigned to the three categories of fire resistance (high, medium and low). The category ‘high fire resistance’ included Berberis xinganensis, Rosa xanthina, Amygdalus triloba, Cotoneaster acutifolius, Weigela florida and Lycium chinense; mediumfire resistance was observed in Flueggea suffruticosa, Sambucus williamsii, Spiraea pubescens, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Acer stenolobum, Amygdalus davidiana, Buddleja alternifolia and Sorbaria kirilowii, and lowfire resistance was observed in Buxus sinica, Sabina vulgaris, Viburnum mongolicum, Tamarix chinensis, Morus mongolica, Amygdalus persica, Syringa reticulata.

Conclusions

Of the 21 predominant species of landscape trees in Hohhot, the highest fire resistance occurred in Berberis xinganensis, Rosa xanthina, Amygdalus triloba, Cotoneaster acutifolius, Weigela florida and Lycium chinense. These results provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of urban forest fires using landscape tree species.

Key words: landscape tree species, combustibility, principal component analysis(PCA), fire resistance, Hohhot

中图分类号:

S762

王雷,徐家琛,朱鹏飞,等. 呼和浩特市主要园林树种理化性质及燃烧性研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 44(3): 74-80.

WANG Lei, XU Jiachen, ZHU Pengfei, LI Jiayan, ZHANG Heng. Physical and chemical properties and combustibility of predominant landscape tree species in Hohhot, China[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 44(3): 74-80.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201905024.

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新变量 new variables	信息含量 information content	贡献率 contribution rate	累计贡献率 cumulative contribution rate
1	2.009	40.179	40.179
2	1.275	25.492	65.671
3	0.877	17.542	83.213
4	0.457	9.147	92.360
5	0.382	7.640	100.000
合计total	5.000	100.000

指标 index	1	2	3	4
含水率moisture content	0.132	-0.199	-0.174	0.946
粗脂肪crude fat content	-0.028	0.937	-0.130	-0.195
灰分ash content	-0.188	-0.128	0.955	-0.172
燃点burning point	0.855	-0.307	-0.160	0.014
热值caloric values	0.871	0.228	-0.116	0.186

树种 species	x₁	x₂	x₃	x₄
ZYXB	-0.671 19	-0.296 98	-0.966 40	1.617 04
SDB	1.976 03	1.350 52	-0.581 17	-1.097 04
HYZYC	0.283 27	-1.135 91	0.331 51	-0.096 82
BMDX	1.912 56	-1.310 44	-0.881 22	-0.675 55
ST	-0.025 43	0.263 62	-0.918 68	0.620 31
ZYBT	0.383 06	0.581 22	-0.391 61	0.822 68
TZXXJ	0.122 70	0.050 06	-0.635 31	0.481 48
YYQ	-0.171 35	0.278 61	0.489 85	0.644 01
SZ	-0.296 67	0.477 65	-0.490 75	0.798 32
HCM	-0.898 10	-0.392 40	-0.591 93	1.008 81
CL	-0.218 04	-0.525 08	2.912 51	1.017 21
JGM	-0.731 72	1.319 26	0.079 74	0.694 91
GQ	-1.258 34	-1.093 93	0.039 01	-0.782 16
JDH	-0.731 22	-1.053 98	-0.618 82	-0.395 08
HBZZM	-0.520 43	-0.288 48	-0.431 80	0.592 57
XYHY	2.664 55	-0.429 05	1.015 56	1.057 62
MS	-0.446 30	1.1466 70	1.705 32	-0.984 18
HXZ	-0.558 83	-1.180 65	0.754 50	-1.905 05
MGJM	-0.372 15	2.590 04	-0.180 97	-0.979 95
CBYYM	-0.240 03	-0.441 05	-1.269 37	-1.399 49
XLQ	-0.202 36	0.090 30	0.630 03	-1.039 65

树种 species	燃烧性值 combustibility value	排序 rank	树种 species	燃烧性值 combustibility value	排序 rank
XYHY	123.611	1	XLQ	-4.286	12
SDB	93.593	2	ST	-4.743	13
MGJM	38.935	3	HYZYC	-12.645	14
CL	38.250	4	HBZZM	-30.419	15
MS	32.211	5	ZYXB	-36.700	16
ZYBT	30.863	6	HCM	-47.244	17
BMDX	21.801	7	CBYYM	-55.956	18
YYQ	14.701	8	HXZ	-56.740	19
JGM	11.986	9	JDH	-70.717	20
TZXXJ	–0.534	10	GQ	-84.915	21
SZ	-1.050	11

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呼和浩特市主要园林树种理化性质及燃烧性研究

Physical and chemical properties and combustibility of predominant landscape tree species in Hohhot, China

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