湖南高望界国家级自然保护区雪峰山梭罗种群结构与动态特征

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202105012

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 57-64.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202105012

湖南高望界国家级自然保护区雪峰山梭罗种群结构与动态特征

王春晖¹^,²(), 陈昕¹^,²^,^*(), 王本忠³, 徐展宏¹^,⁴

1.南京林业大学,南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京 210037
2.南京林业大学生物与环境学院,江苏南京210037
3.湖南高望界国家级自然保护区管理局,湖南古丈 416300
4.南京林业大学林学院,江苏南京 210037

收稿日期:2021-05-10 接受日期:2021-09-27 出版日期:2022-05-30 发布日期:2022-06-10
通讯作者: 陈昕
基金资助:
生态环境部生物多样性保护重大工程专项(8-3-7-22-1);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

Population structure and dynamics of Reevesia pubescens var. xuefengensis in the Gaowangjie National Nature Reserve of Hunan Province

WANG Chunhui¹^,²(), CHEN Xin¹^,²^,^*(), WANG Benzhong³, XU Zhanhong¹^,⁴

1. Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
2. College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
3. Hunan Gaowangjie National Nature Reserve Administration, Guzhang 416300, China
4. College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2021-05-10 Accepted:2021-09-27 Online:2022-05-30 Published:2022-06-10
Contact: CHEN Xin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】雪峰山梭罗(Reevesia pubescens var. xuefengensis)为中国特有梭罗树属植物,研究其种群结构与动态特征,分析种群与环境之间的关系,为雪峰山梭罗的保护与利用提供依据。【方法】在湖南高望界国家级自然保护区,采用典型样地调查法对雪峰山梭罗群落进行调查,记录样地内每个雪峰山梭罗个体的胸径、树高、冠幅等指标,根据调查样地得到的数据,进行结构级划分和数量动态量化,编制静态生命表,得到存活曲线、死亡率曲线、消失率曲线、生存函数等,进行生存分析及时间序列预测,对湖南省高望界自然保护区内雪峰山梭罗种群结构及动态特征进行研究。【结果】雪峰山梭罗种群低龄级个体占优势,在向中龄级成长过程中大量死亡;种群对环境的抗干扰能力低,稳定性差;出现3次死亡高峰;符合Deevey-Ⅱ型曲线;动态生存特征整体表现为前期阶段减少、中期阶段较为稳定、后期阶段衰退;时间序列分析预测表明,未来雪峰山梭罗种群个体数量有上升趋势。【结论】该地区雪峰山梭罗种群相对稳定,总体呈增长趋势,如果幼龄级个体存活率不能提高,随时间推移,中龄级个体数得不到很好的补充,种群结构将会发生变化。建议加强该种群的保护应结合环境要素,减少人为干扰,促进其可持续发展。

关键词: 雪峰山梭罗, 种群结构, 静态生命表, 数量动态, 生存分析

Abstract:

【Objective】Reevesia pubescens var. xuefengensis is endemic to China. The study of the population structure and dynamic characteristics, and analyses of the relationship between population and environment is examined, to provide a theoretical basis for the protection and use of R. pubescens var. xuefengensis. 【Method】A typical plot survey method was used to investigate the community of R. pubescens var. xuefengensis, and the DBH, the height and the crown width of each individual in the plot were recorded. According to data obtained from the survey, structure level division and quantity dynamic quantization were carried out. The population dynamics of R. pubescens var. xuefengensis were studied, and its static life table, survival curve, mortality and vanish rate, survival function and time series prediction were analyzed.【Result】The younger individuals in the population were dominant and many of them died while growing to middle-aged. The population had a low anti-disturbance ability and poor stability in the environment. There were three peaks of death recorded, with trends conforming to the Deevey-Ⅱ curve. The dynamic survival characteristics decreased in the early stage, became stable in the middle stage, and declined in the late stage. The result of time series analysis indicated that the number of individuals in the population will increase in the future.【Conclusion】The population in this study area is relatively stable. The population structure will change if the survival rate of the young individuals does not improve and the number of middle individuals cannot be well supplemented. Strengthening protection of the population should be combined with the environment, while reducing the human disturbance and promoting the sustainable development.

Key words: Reevesia pubescens var. xuefengensis, population structure, static life table, quantitative dynamics, survival analysis

中图分类号:

S718.3

王春晖,陈昕,王本忠,等. 湖南高望界国家级自然保护区雪峰山梭罗种群结构与动态特征[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(3): 57-64.

WANG Chunhui, CHEN Xin, WANG Benzhong, XU Zhanhong. Population structure and dynamics of Reevesia pubescens var. xuefengensis in the Gaowangjie National Nature Reserve of Hunan Province[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2022, 46(3): 57-64.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202105012.

图/表 10

表1

图1

图2

图3

表2

表3

图4

图5

图6

表4

雪峰山梭罗种群动态变化的时间序列预测"

龄级 age class	原始数量 original quantity	$M 2 (1)$	$M 4 (1)$	$M 6 (1)$	$M 8 (1)$
Ⅰ	52
Ⅱ	46	49
Ⅲ	28	37
Ⅳ	18	23	36
Ⅴ	15	17	27
Ⅵ	6	11	17	28
Ⅶ	8	7	12	20
Ⅷ	5	7	9	13	22
Ⅸ	0	3	5	9	16
Ⅹ	4	2	4	6	11

表4

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	HE B, LI Q, CHEN Q L, et al. Quantitative characteristics and population dynamics of Pinus massoniana plantation in northwest Guizhou Province[J]. J Central South Univ For Technol, 2020, 40(11):129-137, 155. DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2020.11.016. doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2020.11.016

分(龄)级 class	径级/cm diameter class	高度级/m height class	冠幅级/m² crown width class
Ⅰ	B_D<2(H<1)	H<1.5	C<3
Ⅱ	B_D<2(H≥1)	1.5≤H<3	3≤C<10
Ⅲ	2≤D_BH<5	3≤H<5	10≤C<20
Ⅳ	5≤D_BH<10	5≤H<7	20≤C<30
Ⅴ	10≤D_BH<15	7≤H<9	30≤C<40
Ⅵ	15≤D_BH<20	9≤H<11	40≤C<50
Ⅶ	20≤D_BH<25	11≤H<13	50≤C<60
Ⅷ	25≤D_BH<30	13≤H<15	C≥60
Ⅸ	30≤D_BH<35	H≥15
Ⅹ	D_BH≥35

种群动态指数 population dynamic index	动态指数值/% dynamic index value
V₁	46.97
V₂	54.29
V₃	50.00
V₄	-11.11
V₅	11.11
V₆	-52.94
V₇	-10.52
V₈	78.95
V_pi	37.69
V'_pi	0.52
P_max	1.39

龄级age class	A_x	a_x	l_x	ln l_x	d_x	q_x	L_x	T_x	e_x	K_x
Ⅰ	52	52	1 000	6.908	115	0.115	942	3 029	3.202	0.123
Ⅱ	46	46	885	6.785	346	0.391	712	2 087	2.359	0.496
Ⅲ	28	28	538	6.289	192	0.357	442	1 375	2.554	0.442
Ⅳ	18	18	346	5.847	58	0.167	317	933	2.694	0.182
Ⅴ	15	15	288	5.665	115	0.400	231	615	2.133	0.511
Ⅵ	6	9	173	5.154	38	0.222	154	385	2.222	0.251
Ⅶ	8	7	135	4.902	38	0.286	115	231	1.714	0.336
Ⅷ	5	5	96	4.566	38	0.400	77	115	1.200	0.511
Ⅸ	0	3	58	4.055	38	0.667	38	38	0.667	1.099
Ⅹ	4	1	19	2.957	—	—	—	—	—	—

湖南高望界国家级自然保护区雪峰山梭罗种群结构与动态特征

Population structure and dynamics of Reevesia pubescens var. xuefengensis in the Gaowangjie National Nature Reserve of Hunan Province

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龄级 age class	原始数量 original quantity	$M 2 (1)$	$M 4 (1)$	$M 6 (1)$	$M 8 (1)$
Ⅰ	52
Ⅱ	46	49
Ⅲ	28	37
Ⅳ	18	23	36
Ⅴ	15	17	27
Ⅵ	6	11	17	28
Ⅶ	8	7	12	20
Ⅷ	5	7	9	13	22
Ⅸ	0	3	5	9	16
Ⅹ	4	2	4	6	11

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龄级 age class	原始数量 original quantity	$M 2 (1)$	$M 4 (1)$	$M 6 (1)$	$M 8 (1)$
Ⅰ	52
Ⅱ	46	49
Ⅲ	28	37
Ⅳ	18	23	36
Ⅴ	15	17	27
Ⅵ	6	11	17	28
Ⅶ	8	7	12	20
Ⅷ	5	7	9	13	22
Ⅸ	0	3	5	9	16
Ⅹ	4	2	4	6	11

龄级 age class	原始数量 original quantity	$M 2 (1)$	$M 4 (1)$	$M 6 (1)$	$M 8 (1)$
Ⅰ	52
Ⅱ	46	49
Ⅲ	28	37
Ⅳ	18	23	36
Ⅴ	15	17	27
Ⅵ	6	11	17	28
Ⅶ	8	7	12	20
Ⅷ	5	7	9	13	22
Ⅸ	0	3	5	9	16
Ⅹ	4	2	4	6	11