长叶苦竹新造林的生长发育规律研究

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202112003

国家林草科技领军期刊
中国精品科技期刊
中国高校百佳科技期刊
江苏省新闻出版政府奖期刊奖
RCCSE林学权威期刊（A+）
CSCD核心期刊
Scopus数据库收录期刊
中文核心期刊
SCD核心期刊

作者加群：102861116

微信公众号：南京林业大学学报

高级检索

南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2): 123-129.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202112003

长叶苦竹新造林的生长发育规律研究

姚文静¹^,²(), 刘国华¹^,²^,^*(), 吴艳萍², 赵福泽³, 王福升¹^,², 丁雨龙¹^,²

1.南京林业大学,南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京 210037
2.南京林业大学竹类研究所, 江苏南京 210037
3.贵州省桐梓县林业局,贵州桐梓 563299

收稿日期:2021-12-02 修回日期:2022-03-23 出版日期:2023-03-30 发布日期:2023-03-28
通讯作者: * 刘国华(ghliu@njfu.edu.cn),研究员。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32001292)

Growth rules for a new stand of Pleioblastus chino var. hisauchii

YAO Wenjing¹^,²(), LIU Guohua¹^,²^,^*(), WU Yanping², ZHAO Fuze³, WANG Fusheng¹^,², DING Yulong¹^,²

1. Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
2. Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
3. Tongzi County Forestry Bureau of Guizhou Province, Tongzi 563299, China

Received:2021-12-02 Revised:2022-03-23 Online:2023-03-30 Published:2023-03-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】为揭示长叶苦竹(Pleioblastus chino var. hisauchii)新造林的生长发育规律,探究不同年龄竹株的秆形特征及不同龄级竹地下茎的鞭根生长情况,为长叶苦竹及其他混生型竹的栽培养护和经营管理提供参考。【方法】调查了南京林业大学溧水白马实验基地长叶苦竹新造林5年时的年龄结构和空间分布,标记整片竹林每株竹子的位置和年龄信息,随机选取3株1~5年生健康无病虫害竹株,测定其地径、株高、枝下高、每节节长和对应的节径等指标。追踪1~5年生竹鞭系,统计鞭段数、鞭节数、岔鞭数、芽数,测量鞭长、鞭径、鞭节长等指标。【结果】随着长叶苦竹新造林的更新,前4年新龄竹株数呈递增趋势。地径、株高和枝下高随竹龄的增长均呈递减趋势,且不同年龄竹株的地径和株高、枝下高和株高均存在线性正相关关系。竹秆每节节径由基部到梢部呈递减趋势,且每节节长和对应的节径存在线性正相关关系。新龄竹每节节径、每节节长、平均节径和平均节长均大于老龄竹。鞭径、总鞭长、鞭段数和芽数随竹龄的增长呈递减趋势。鞭长、鞭节长、岔鞭数和笋芽数随竹龄的增长呈先增后减的趋势,在造林第4年时达到最高。【结论】长叶苦竹新造林的年龄结构呈上升趋势,在造林4年后达到相对稳定状态。造林前4年新龄株数大于老龄株数,新龄竹以母竹为中心向四周扩散。竹株地上部分和地下部分的生长势大体上随年龄增长呈下降趋势,2年生竹株的生长活力最强。

关键词: 长叶苦竹, 新造林, 年龄结构, 秆形建成, 鞭根系统

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study revealed the growth rule of a new stand of Pleioblastus chino var. hisauchii, and explored the culm characteristics and rhizome growth of bamboo plants at different ages, providing a theoretical basis for cultivation and management of P. chino var. hisauchii and other bamboo species with mixed rhizome. 【Method】 We investigated the age structure and spatial distribution of 5-year-old P. chino var. hisauchii forest in the Baima experimental base of Nanjing Forestry University in Lishui District, Nanjing City. We first marked the location and age information of each bamboo plant in the forest, and randomly selected three healthy and disease-free bamboo plants at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 year-old. Then we measured their ground diameter, plant height, under-branch height, node length and corresponding node diameter. In addition, we traced the rhizome systems at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 year-old. Next, we counted the number of rhizome segments, rhizome nodes, rhizome branches buds, determined the rhizome length, rhizome diameter, rhizome node length and other indicators.【Result】 With the regeneration of new plantation forest, the number of young plants increased gradually during the previous 4 years. The ground diameter, plant height and under-branch height decreased with age. There was a linear positive correlation between ground diameter and plant height and between the under-branch height and plant height. The node diameter showed a decreased trend from base to top. There was also a linear positive correlation between the node length and node diameter. The node diameter, node length, average node diameter, and average node length of young bamboo plants were larger than those of old plants. The rhizome diameter, total rhizome length, number of rhizome segments and buds decreased with age. However, the rhizome length, rhizome node length, number of rhizome branches and shoot buds increased at first and then decreased with age, peaking in the fourth year.【Conclusion】 The new plantation forest showed an upward trend in an age structure, which was stable in the fourth year. The number of young bamboo plants was larger than that of the old plants in the previous 4 years. The young bamboo plants spread around with mother bamboo at the center. In general, the growth vigor of the aboveground and underground parts of bamboo plants decreased with age, which was strongest at two years of age.

Key words: Pleioblastus chino var. hisauchii, new plantation, age structure, culm formation, rhizome system

中图分类号:

Q944
S718

姚文静,刘国华,吴艳萍,等. 长叶苦竹新造林的生长发育规律研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(2): 123-129.

YAO Wenjing, LIU Guohua, WU Yanping, ZHAO Fuze, WANG Fusheng, DING Yulong. Growth rules for a new stand of Pleioblastus chino var. hisauchii[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2023, 47(2): 123-129.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202112003.

图/表 9

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

表1

表2

参考文献 26

[1]	LIESE W, KOHL M. Bamboo: the plant and its uses[M]. Heidelberg: Springer, 2015.
[2]	益莎, 杨波, 杨光, 等. 竹产品加工剩余物有效成分的生物活性及应用研究进展[J]. 生物加工过程, 2022, 20(3):244-250.
	YI S, YANG B, YANG G, et al. Progress on bioactivity and application of effective components from processing residues of bamboo products[J]. Chi J Biop Eng, 2022, 20(3):244-250.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-3678.2022.03.002.
[3]	姚文静, 王茹, 林树燕, 等. 翠竹实生苗生长发育规律及构件生物量模型拟合研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 44(6):103-110.
	YAO W J, WANG R, LIN S Y, et al. Growth mechanisms and model fitting of module biomass of Pleioblastus pygmaeus seedlings[J]. J Nanjing For Univ (Nat Sci Ed), 2020, 44(6):103-110.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201912014.
[4]	钟远标, 江雪, 楼崇. 竹类植物生长规律研究进展[J]. 世界竹藤通讯, 2014, 12(3):35-44.
	ZHONG Y B, JIANG X, LOU C. Research progress in growth rhythm of bamboos[J]. World Bamboo Rattan, 2014, 12(3):35-44.DOI:10.13640/j.cnki.wbr.2014.03.011.
[5]	孙化雨, 娄永峰, 李利超, 等. 竹类植物茎秆生长发育研究进展[J]. 世界林业研究, 2017, 30(4):18-23.
	SUN H Y, LOU Y F, LI L C, et al. Research advances in the growth and development of bamboo culm[J]. World For Res, 2017, 30(4):18-23.DOI:10.13348/j.cnki.sjlyyj.2017.0035.y.
[6]	顾菡娇, 张参参, 汪金松, 等. 中国竹类植物基本形态学功能性状的比较[J]. 生物多样性, 2019, 27(6):585-594.
	GU H J, ZHANG S S, WANG J S, et al. Variation in basic morphological and functional traits of Chinese bamboo[J]. Biodivers Sci, 2019, 27(6):585-594.DOI:10.17520/biods.2019001.
[7]	陈双林, 吴柏林, 吴明, 等. 新造毛竹林林分结构年际演替规律及影响因子[J]. 浙江林学院学报, 2004, 21(4):393-397.
	CHEN S L, WU B L, WU M, et al. A study of the interannual succession rule and influential factors of young stands structures of Phyllostachys pubescens[J]. J Zhejiang For Coll, 2004, 21(4):393-397.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-0756.2004.04.007.
[8]	陈礼光, 郑郁善, 姚庆端, 等. 沿海沙地新造绿竹林生物量结构[J]. 福建林学院学报, 2002, 22(3):249-252.
	CHEN L G, ZHENG Y S, YAO Q D, et al. Study on the biomass structure of new stands of Dendrocalamus oldhami along seashore dene[J]. J Fujian Coll For, 2002, 22(3):249-252.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-389X.2002.03.014.
[9]	潘雁红, 温星, 吴志庄, 等. 不同混生地被竹生物量分配与积累特征研究[J]. 世界竹藤通讯, 2019, 17(3):9-15.
	PAN Y H, WEN X, WU Z Z, et al. Biomass allocation & accumulation characteristics of different amphipodial dwarf bamboos[J]. World Bamboo Rattan, 2019, 17(3):9-15.DOI:10.13640/j.cnki.wbr.2019.03.003.
[10]	刘伟, 张新明, 罗萍, 等. 狭叶青苦竹生长特性研究[J]. 世界竹藤通讯, 2014, 12(4):26-29.
	LIU W, ZHANG X M, LUO P, et al. A study of growth characteristics of Pleioblastus chino var. hisauchii[J]. World Bamboo Rattan, 2014, 12(4):26-29.DOI:10.13640/j.cnki.wbr.2014.04.024.
[11]	林树燕, 丁雨龙. 电导法对7种观赏竹的抗寒性测定[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2008, 23(1):34-38.
	LIN S Y, DING Y L. Establishment of cold resistance of 7 ornamental bamboo species by electric conductivity[J]. J Northwest For Univ, 2008, 23(1):34-38.
[12]	张艳华, 刘国华, 王福升. 淹水胁迫下5种竹子生理生化指标的变化[J]. 林业科技开发, 2009, 23(5):71-74.
	ZHANG Y H, LIU G H, WANG F S. Variation of inner physiological and biochemical characteristics of five bamboos under flooding stress[J]. China For Sci Technol, 2009, 23(5):71-74.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-8101.2009.05.019.
[13]	姜黎. 几种竹对过量Cu胁迫的生理适应性研究[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2009.
	JIANG L. Research on the physiological adaptability of bamboo stressed by excess copper[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2009.
[14]	张颖, 蒋建立, 何天友, 等. 3个竹种硫含量季节变化[J]. 福建林业科技, 2013, 40(2):60-63.
	ZHANG Y, JIANG J L, HE T Y, et al. Study on the contents of sulfur of 3 bamboos[J]. J Fujian For Sci Technol, 2013, 40(2):60-63.
[15]	黄甫昭, 范怡, 王福升, 等. 篌竹的鞭系及根系结构[J]. 林业科技开发, 2012, 26(6):55-59.
	HUANG F Z, FAN Y, WANG F S, et al. Studies on rhizome and root system structure of Phyllostachys nidularia Munro.[J]. China For Sci Technol, 2012, 26(6):55-59.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-8101.2012.06.015.
[16]	苏小飞, 童佳鸣, 李铭, 等. 竹龄对金佛山方竹形态可塑性的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 44(4):86-92.
	SU X F, TONG J M, LI M, et al. Effects of age on morphological plasticity of Chimonobambusa utilis(Keng)Keng F.[J]. J Nanjing For Univ (Nat Sci Ed), 2020, 44(4):86-92.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201902027.
[17]	周芳纯. 毛竹秆形结构的研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 1981, 5(1):16-69.
	ZHOU F C. Studies on the structure of culm form of Phyllostachys pubescens[J]. J Nanjing For Univ, 1981, 5(1):16-69.
[18]	黄大勇. 撑篙竹秆形结构研究[J]. 世界竹藤通讯, 2019, 17(4):11-15.
	HUANG D Y. Study on the culm form structure of Bambusa pervariabilis[J]. World Bamboo Rattan, 2019, 17(4):11-15.DOI:10.13640/j.cnki.wbr.2019.04.003.
[19]	温中斌, 甘小洪, 牛一平. 实心狭叶方竹秆形特性及变异规律研究[J]. 西华师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 30(1):21-26.
	WEN Z B, GAN X H, NIU Y P. The culm form characteristic and the variation of Chimonobambusa angustifolia f.repleta population[J]. J China West Norm Univ (Nat Sci), 2009, 30(1):21-26.DOI:10.16246/j.issn.1673-5072.2009.01.018.
[20]	范怡, 汪玉凤, 许木正, 等. 肿节少穗竹秆形结构的研究[J]. 竹子研究汇刊, 2013, 32(3):38-43.
	FAN Y, WANG Y F, XU M Z, et al. A study on the culm morphology of Oligostachyum oedogonatum[J]. J Bamboo Res, 2013, 32(3):38-43.
[21]	郑连喜, 陈双林, 邵宏军, 等. 城市景观红竹林立竹秆形变化规律[J]. 浙江林业科技, 2010, 30(6):62-65.
	ZHENG L X, CHEN S L, SHAO H J, et al. Study on regulation in change of culm shape for urban landscape forest of Phyllostachys iridescens[J]. J Zhejiang For Sci Technol, 2010, 30(6):62-65.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3776.2010.06.014.
[22]	周本智, 傅懋毅. 竹林地下鞭根系统研究进展[J]. 林业科学研究, 2004, 17(4):533-540.
	ZHOU B Z, FU M Y. Review on bamboo’s under ground rhizome-root system research[J]. For Res, 2004, 17(4):533-540.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1001-1498.2004.04.021.
[23]	陈道阔. 黄甜竹笋用林地下鞭生长特性分析[J]. 绿色科技, 2021, 23(11):143-145.
	CHEN D K. Analysis on growth characteristics of rhizome of Acidosasa edulis forest for bamboo shoot[J]. J Green Sci Technol, 2021, 23(11):143-145.DOI:10.16663/j.cnki.lskj.2021.11.048.
[24]	高培军, 郑郁善, 陈礼光, 等. 苦竹地下竹鞭结构生长规律调查[J]. 福建林业科技, 2003, 30(S1):5-8.
	GAO P J, ZHENG Y S, CHEN L G, et al. Investigation on the growth law of underground bamboo rhizome structure of Pleioblastus amarus[J]. J Fujian For Sci Technol, 2003, 30(S1):5-8.DOI:10.13428/j.cnki.fjlk.2003.s1.002.
[25]	成项托, 张卓文, 赵聪颖, 等. 天然苦竹林竹鞭及根构特征研究[J]. 湖北林业科技, 2019, 48(1):1-6,36.
	CHENG X T, ZHANG Z W, ZHAO C Y, et al. Research on rhizomes and fine roots characteristics of natural stand of Pleioblastus amarus[J]. Hubei For Sci Technol, 2019, 48(1):1-6,36.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-3020.2019.01.002.
[26]	白尚斌, 周国模, 王懿祥, 等. 天目山国家级自然保护区毛竹扩散过程的林分结构变化研究[J]. 西部林业科学, 2012, 41(1):77-82.
	BAI S B, ZHOU G M, WANG Y X, et al. Stand structure change of Phyllostachys pubescens forest expansion in Tianmushan national nature reserve[J]. J West China For Sci, 2012, 41(1):77-82.DOI:10.16473/j.cnki.xblykx1972.2012.01.013.

竹龄/a age	鞭段数/条 the number of rhizome segments	单鞭鞭长/cm the length of single rhizome	总鞭长/cm total length of all rhizomes	平均鞭长/cm average rhizome length	节数/个 the number of nodes	鞭节长/cm the length of rhizome node	鞭径/mm rhizome diameter	岔鞭数/条 the number of rhizome branches
1	63	12.0~293.0	6 907.7	107.93±72.62	1 361	5.59±1.61	12.15±8.67	55
2	16	90.0~742.0	4 448.0	278.00±202.31	769	6.58±1.72	11.94±1.94	95
3	3	95.5~234.0	503.5	167.83±69.46	79	6.53±1.77	10.25±2.40	17
4	1	115.1	115.1	115.10	12	6.03±1.70	8.67±0.23	3
5	1	76.3	76.3	76.30	25	4.90±0.89	5.98±1.29	2

长叶苦竹新造林的生长发育规律研究

Growth rules for a new stand of Pleioblastus chino var. hisauchii

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 9

参考文献 26

相关文章 7

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

作者

读者

审稿

[1]	彭智奇, 董鹏, 朱弘, 朱淑霞, 董京京, 钟育谦, 翟飞飞, 郑爱春, 王贤荣, 伊贤贵. 江苏云台山山樱花种群结构及点格局分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(4): 167-176.
[2]	张晓晨,赵洋,熊中人,伊贤贵,陈昕. 宝华山青冈种群年龄结构及点格局分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2018, 42(06): 77-83.
[3]	刘明,唐翠平,郭峰,韦宇,李秀寨,贺斌,李根前. 克隆植物中国沙棘种群动态及其生物量调节机制[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2014, 38(04): 57-63.
[4]	李蒙，严邦祥，赵昌高，徐洪峰，李少欣，伊贤贵，王贤荣*. 大仰山高山湿地山樱花种群数量结构特征[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2013, 37(05): 40-44.
[5]	汪殿蓓，李建华，田春元，刘仁阳，王伟. 湖北青檀野生种群数量结构特征[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2011, 35(06): 39-43.
[6]	王贤荣1,闫道良2,伊贤贵1. 江西崇义钟花樱种群年龄结构及种群动态研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2006, 30(05): 47-50.
[7]	魏勇;田如男;方炎明. 龙王山鹅掌楸种群的静态生命表[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2004, 28(06): 61-63.

竹龄/a age	休眠芽 dormant bud	烂芽 mashed bud	空芽 empty bud	鞭芽 rhizome bud	笋芽 shoot bud
1	863	75	211	55	13
2	351	78	89	95	41
3	6	0	11	17	16
4	5	1	0	3	4
5	13	1	8	2	0