无患子液流时滞特性及对遮蔽花序枝叶修剪的响应

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202403022

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (6): 5-12.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202403022

所属专题：乡村振兴视域下的生物质能源树种无患子研究专题

• 专题报道：乡村振兴视域下的生物质能源树种无患子研究专题（执行主编李维林方升佐贾黎明） • 上一篇下一篇

无患子液流时滞特性及对遮蔽花序枝叶修剪的响应

蔡婉婷¹(), 贾黎明¹^,^*(), 王冕之¹, 郑玉琳¹, 李露¹, 罗水晶²

1.北京林业大学林学院,省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,国家能源非粮生物质原料研发中心,北京 100083
2.福建源华林业生物科技有限公司,福建建宁 354500

收稿日期:2024-03-18 修回日期:2024-09-25 出版日期:2024-11-30 发布日期:2024-12-10
通讯作者: *贾黎明(jlm@bjfu.edu.cn),教授。
作者简介:
蔡婉婷(cwt200101@163.com)。
基金资助:
国家科技基础资源调查专项(2019FY100803)

Time lag of sap flow characteristics and their response to inflorescence shading and pruning of leaves and branch for Sapindus saponaria

CAI Wanting¹(), JIA Liming¹^,^*(), WANG Mianzhi¹, ZHENG Yulin¹, LI Lu¹, LUO Shuijing²

1. National Energy R & D Center for Non-Food Biomass, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
2. Fujian Yuanhua Forestry Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jianning 354500, China

Received:2024-03-18 Revised:2024-09-25 Online:2024-11-30 Published:2024-12-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探究无患子(Sapindus saponaria )生殖物候期树干液流的时滞特性以及遮蔽花序枝叶修剪对时滞的影响,为无患子的科学培育提供指导。【方法】在福建省建宁县无患子国家林木种质资源库,以5年生‘媛华’品种示范林为试验对象,在其生殖生长季(5—11月)运用热扩散液流探针技术对修剪和不修剪(对照)处理无患子的树干液流速率(Fd)进行实时监测,并同步监测光合有效辐射 (PAR)、空气温度(Ta)、空气相对湿度(RHa)等环境因子,运用错位相关法分析液流速率对主导环境因子间的时滞响应。【结果】无论是否进行修剪处理,PAR和饱和水汽压亏缺(VPD)均是影响该地区无患子树干液流的主导环境因子。典型晴天时,无患子树干液流与主导环境因子均呈现“迟滞回环”的关系,其中与PAR的响应过程呈逆时针方向,与VPD的响应过程呈顺时针方向。对照组和修剪组树干液流在花芽膨大期、开花期、初果期、果实膨大期、果实转色期、果实成熟期等6个生殖物候期分别比PAR滞后10、10、0、10、20、50 min和0、20、10、10、20、50 min;比VPD提前160、120、90、90、130、100 min和190、110、70、90、130、100 min。【结论】不同生殖物候期无患子树干液流与主导环境因子间的时滞存在差异,修剪减小了花芽膨大期Fd-PAR的时滞,增大了开花期和初果期Fd-PAR的时滞,但修剪在各生殖期对Fd-VPD的时滞影响相反。该研究为准确评价环境因子对林木耗水产生的影响提供了科学依据,也有助于构建更准确模拟白天蒸腾过程的模型。

关键词: 无患子, 树干液流, 时滞, 修剪, 生殖物候期, 环境因子

Abstract:

【Objective】This study aims to investigate the time lag characteristics of sap flow during reproductive phenological periods in Sapindus saponaria and the effect of shading inflorescence branching and leaf pruning on the time lag of sap flow.【Method】In the experimental area of the Sapindus saponaria National Forest Germplasm Repository in Jianning County, Fujian Province, five-year-old S. saponaria ‘Yuanhua’ asexual lines were employed as experimental materials. Sap flow was measured using a thermal diffusion probe, and environmental factors including photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), air temperature (Ta), and relative air humidity (RHa) were simultaneously measured during the reproductive growing season.Time lags between sap flow velocity and the dominant environmental factors were analyzed using the mismatch correlation method.【Result】PAR and VPD were the dominant environmental factors affecting sap flow, independent of pruning treatments. On typical sunny days, the relationship between sap flow and these environmental factors showed a “hysteresis loop”, with PAR responsed in a counterclockwise direction and VPD responsed in a clockwise direction. Across six reproductive phenological periods (bud swelling, flowering, early ovary growing, fruit developmet, fruit colour change, fruit ripening), the control (CK) and pruning group sap flow lagged PAR by 10, 10, 0, 10, 20, 50 min and 0, 20, 10, 10, 20, 50 min, respectively; and advanced VPD by 160, 120, 90, 90, 130, 100 min and 190,110, 70, 90, 130, 100 min at six key reproductive phenological periods.【Conclusion】The time lag between sap flow and dominant environmental factors varied across different reproductive phenological periods. Pruning impacted these time lags differently: it reduced the time lag of Fd-PAR during bud swelling and increased it during the flowering and early ovary growing periods, while it had the opposite effect on Fd-VPD. This study provides a scientific foundation for accurately evaluating the influence of environmental factors on the water consumption of forest trees and contributes to the development of more precise models to simulate daytime transpiration processes.

Key words: Sapindus saponaria, sap flow, time lag, pruning, reproductive phenological period, environmental factor

中图分类号:

S718
Q89

蔡婉婷,贾黎明,王冕之,等. 无患子液流时滞特性及对遮蔽花序枝叶修剪的响应[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(6): 5-12.

CAI Wanting, JIA Liming, WANG Mianzhi, ZHENG Yulin, LI Lu, LUO Shuijing. Time lag of sap flow characteristics and their response to inflorescence shading and pruning of leaves and branch for Sapindus saponaria[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2024, 48(6): 5-12.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202403022.

图/表 5

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编号 No.	树高/m tree heigh	探针处树径/cm diameter at probe	冠幅/m crown width	处理 treatment
T₁	2.55	10.03	2.65×2.10	修剪pruning
T₂	2.80	8.00	2.30×2.30	修剪pruning
T₃	3.36	10.15	2.60×1.95	修剪pruning
T₄	3.10	8.30	2.20×2.30	对照CK
T₅	2.60	6.89	1.25×1.15	对照CK
T₆	2.75	8.50	1.70×1.62	对照CK
T₇	2.55	7.61	2.80×2.90	对照CK
T₈	3.22	6.90	2.20×2.35	对照CK

生殖物候期 reproductive phenological periods	处理 treatment	因子 factor	R²	回归方程 regression equation	P
花芽膨大期 bud swelling period	修剪	X₁,X₂,X₃,X₄	0.874	Y=0.734+0.003 X₁+0.928 X₂-0.212 X₃+0.105 X₄	<0.01
	对照	X₁,X₂,X₃,X₄,X₅	0.837	Y=13.54+0.004 X₁+0.852 X₂-0.484 X₃+1.070 X₄-0.080 X₅	<0.01
开花期 flowering period	修剪	X₁,X₂,X₃,X₄	0.834	Y=-22.956+0.004 X₁ +0.548 X₂+0.527 X₃+0.309 X₄	<0.01
	对照	X₁,X₂,X₃,X₄	0.840	Y=-20.389+0.004 X₁+0.423 X₂+0.495 X₃+0.259 X₄	<0.01
初果期 early ovary growing period	修剪	X₁,X₂,X₃,X₄,X₅	0.865	Y=6.183+0.003 X₁+0.781 X₂-0.165 X₃-0.059 X₄+0.871 X₅	<0.01
	对照	X₁,X₂,X₃,X₄	0.879	Y=6.938+0.004 X₁+0.655 X₂-0.268 X₃+1.274 X₄	<0.01
果实膨大期 fruit development period	修剪	X₁,X₂,X₃,X₅	0.869	Y=4.012+0.002 X₁+0.978 X₂-0.153 X₃+1.339 X₅	<0.01
	对照	X₁,X₂,X₃, X₅,X₄	0.906	Y=9.655+0.003 X₁+0.777 X₂-0.277 X₃+0.941 X₅-0.075 X₄	<0.01
果实转色期 fruit colour change period	修剪	X₁,X₂,X₃,X₅	0.789	Y=1.416+0.002 X₁+0.574 X₂-0.059 X₃-0.402 X₅	<0.01
	对照	X₁,X₂,X₃,X₄,X₅	0.906	Y=9.655+0.003 X₁+0.777 X₂-0.277 X₃-0.075 X₄+0.941 X₅	<0.01
果实成熟期 fruit ripening period	修剪	X₁,X₂,X₃,X₄	0.395	Y=-1.887+0.001 X₁+0.609 X₂+0.088 X₃+0.010 X₄	<0.01
	对照	X₁,X₂,X₃	0.614	Y=-1.158+0.001 X₁+1.145 X₂+0.056 X₃	<0.01

无患子液流时滞特性及对遮蔽花序枝叶修剪的响应

Time lag of sap flow characteristics and their response to inflorescence shading and pruning of leaves and branch for Sapindus saponaria

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