张家口崇礼区主要植物叶片理化性质及燃烧性分析

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202303033

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (6): 239-244.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202303033

张家口崇礼区主要植物叶片理化性质及燃烧性分析

牟韵洁¹(), 高德民¹^,^*(), 龙腾腾², 郭在军³, 牛海峰³

1.南京林业大学信息科学技术学院,人工智能学院,江苏南京 210037
2.西南林业大学消防学院,云南昆明 650224
3.张家口市林业科学研究院,河北张家口 075000

收稿日期:2023-03-30 修回日期:2024-01-30 出版日期:2024-11-30 发布日期:2024-12-10
通讯作者: *高德民(dmgao@njfu.edu.cn),副教授。
作者简介:
牟韵洁(muyunjie@njfu.edu.cn)。
基金资助:
张家口市崇礼区森林智慧防火项目(2020SLZHFH-2)

Analysis of the physicochemical properties and flammability of the plant leaves of typical plants in Chongli District of Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province

MU Yunjie¹(), GAO Demin¹^,^*(), LONG Tengteng², GUO Zaijun³, NIU Haifeng³

1. College of Information Science and Technology,School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
2. College of Fire Fighting, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
3. Zhangjiakou City Academy of Forestry Sciences, Zhangjiakou 075000, China

Received:2023-03-30 Revised:2024-01-30 Online:2024-11-30 Published:2024-12-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】对河北省张家口市崇礼区8类典型植物叶片的理化性质和燃烧性进行分析,为当地森林火险评估和可持续经营提供参考。【方法】基于张家口市崇礼区典型地表植被类型的分布状况以及自然条件,以白桦 (Betula platyphylla)、油松(Pinus tabuliformis)、落叶松(Larix gmelinii)、榛(Corylus heterophylla)、灌杂、草本类、山杏(Prunus sibirica)、樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica)8类植物叶片作为研究对象,选取植被覆盖率较高的纯林地段采集植物叶片并测定其理化性质,采用主成分分析法评价8类植物叶片的燃烧性,并利用聚类分析法对8类植物叶片的燃烧等级进行划分。【结果】8类植物叶片的燃烧性大小由强到弱顺序依次为樟子松、白桦、草本类、山杏、榛、油松、落叶松、灌杂。通过主成分分析与聚类分析将8类植物叶片划分为3个等级,分别为:可燃、较易燃、易燃。落叶松、油松、灌杂属于可燃等级,白桦、榛、草本类、山杏属于较易燃等级,樟子松属于易燃等级。【结论】落叶松、油松、灌杂燃烧性最弱,火灾危险性最低;樟子松燃烧性最强,火灾危险性最高,需特别关注和防范。研究结果为张家口市崇礼区森林火灾发生预报、生物防火以及营林用火等方面提供重要依据。

关键词: 植物叶片, 理化性质, 燃烧性, 森林火险, 聚类分析, 主成分分析, 张家口市崇礼区

Abstract:

【Objective】This study analyzed the physicochemical and combustion characteristics of the leaves of eight typical plants in Chongli District of Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province, the study aimed to provide insights for assessing the risk of local forest fires and their sustainable management.【Method】Based on the distribution patterns of the typical land surface types and natural conditions in Chongli District of Zhangjiakou City, eight plant species, including Betula platyphylla, Pinus tabuliformis, Larix gmelinii, Corylus heterophylla, shrubs, herbs, Prunus sibirica, and P. sylvestris var. mongolica were selected as the research objects. Leaves were collected from pure forest segments with high vegetation coverage, and their physicochemical properties were determined. The combustion characteristics of the leaves of these eight plant species were determined by principal component analysis. The leaves were additionally categorized based on their combustion levels by cluster analysis.【Result】The combustion intensity of the leaves ranged from strongest to weakest in the following order: P. sylvestris var. mongolica, B. platyphylla, herbs, P. sibirica, C. heterophylla, P. tabuliformis, L. gmelinii, and shrubs. The leaves were classified into three categories by principal component analysis and cluster analysis, namely, the highly combustible, moderately combustible, and most easily combustible groups. The highly combustible category included L. gmelinii, P. tabuliformis, and scrub plants. The moderately combustible category comprised B. platyphylla, C. heterophylla, herbs, and P. sibirica, while the most easily combustible category included P. sylvestris var. mongolica.【Conclusion】 L. gmelinii, P. tabuliformis, and shrub plants exhibited the lowest combustion propensity, thus posing as minimal wildfire hazards. Conversely, the combustion propensity of P. sylvestris var. mongolica was highest, indicating an elevated risk of wildfires. Therefore, targeted attention and preventive measures are imperative for controlling wildfires in Chongli District. The findings provide crucial evidence for predicting forest fires in Chongli District of Zhangjiakou City, and advocates the implementation of measures such as biological fire prevention and controlled burning during forestry operation.

Key words: plant leaves, physicochemical properties, combustion characteristics, forest fire risk, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, Chongli District, Zhangjiakou City

中图分类号:

S762

牟韵洁,高德民,龙腾腾,等. 张家口崇礼区主要植物叶片理化性质及燃烧性分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(6): 239-244.

MU Yunjie, GAO Demin, LONG Tengteng, GUO Zaijun, NIU Haifeng. Analysis of the physicochemical properties and flammability of the plant leaves of typical plants in Chongli District of Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2024, 48(6): 239-244.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202303033.

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参考文献 29

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植物 plants	含水率/% moisture content	粗脂肪质量分数/% crude fat concentration	灰分质量分数/% ash contertration	热值/(J·kg^-1) calorific value	燃点/℃ flash point
落叶松Larix gmelinii	44±16	9.12±3.25	24.64±9.89	12 089.72±3 394.08	291.41±8.95
白桦Betula platyphylla	54±14	9.98±2.67	15.83±5.25	16 411.29±2 150.34	288.58±8.71
榛Corylus heterophylla	58±7	9.89±2.79	12.44±5.71	15 517.12±2 194.02	282.22±4.65
油松Pinus tabuliformis	21±13	8.46±1.46	16.21±8.74	15 965.32±3 194.39	282.33±5.26
灌杂shrubs	53±0	7.67±0.00	10.00±0.00	16 519.88±0.00	276.33±0.00
草本类herbs	62±9	10.30±3.30	13.10±6.20	15 730.42±2 475.03	286.23±4.09
山杏Prunus sibirica	52±0	10.67±0.00	17.33±0.00	13 849.28±0.00	285.67±0.00
樟子松Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica	32±0	12.33±0.00	5.67±0.00	16 046.21±0.00	302.33±0.00

理化性质 physicochemical properties	含水率 moisture content	粗脂肪质量分数 crude fat concentration	灰分质量分数 ash concentration	热值 calorific value	燃点 flash point
含水率moisture content	1	0.032	-0.247	0.214	-0.020
粗脂肪质量分数crude fat concentration	0.032	1	-0.167	0.275	-0.154
灰分ash concentration	-0.247	-0.167	1	-0.778	0.198
热值calorific value	0.214	0.275	-0.778	1	-0.236
燃点flash point	-0.020	-0.154	0.198	-0.236	1

因子 common factor	特征根 characteristics of the root	方差贡献率/% variance contribution rate	累计方差贡献率/% cumulative variance contribution rate	旋转前主成分 main component before the rotation			旋转后主成分 main component after the rotation
因子 common factor	特征根 characteristics of the root	方差贡献率/% variance contribution rate	累计方差贡献率/% cumulative variance contribution rate	1	2	3	1	2	3
含水率moisture content	2.029	40.585	40.585	-0.265	-0.218	0.936	-0.084	-0.012	0.993
粗脂肪质量分数 crude fat concentration	1.734	34.689	75.274	0.859	0.325	0.337	0.962	0.143	0.100
灰分质量分数ash concentration	1.006	20.121	95.396	-0.686	0.680	-0.020	-0.249	-0.934	-0.018
热值calorific value	-	-	-	0.362	-0.888	-0.129	-0.162	0.954	-0.025
燃点flash point	-	-	-	0.787	0.574	-0.011	0.932	-0.083	-0.269

植物plants	y₁	y₂	y₃	y	等级 grade
落叶松 Larix gmelinii	-1.333	-0.285	-0.136	-0.667	Ⅲ
白桦 Betula platyphylla	0.171	0.679	0.405	0.386	Ⅱ
榛 Corylus heterophylla	-0.2333	-0.449	0.748	-0.100	Ⅱ
油松 Pinus tabuliformis	-0.587	0.294	-2.112	-0.561	Ⅲ
灌杂shrubs	-1.150	-0.889	-0.177	-0.811	Ⅲ
草本类herbs	0.153	-0.044	1.085	0.265	Ⅱ
山杏Prunus sibirica	-0.274	-0.333	0.649	-0.096	Ⅱ
樟子松Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica	3.254	1.027	-0.463	1.584	Ⅰ

张家口崇礼区主要植物叶片理化性质及燃烧性分析

Analysis of the physicochemical properties and flammability of the plant leaves of typical plants in Chongli District of Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province

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[1]	王雪洁, 周鹏, 侯思璇, 方炎明, 张敏. 冬青种质资源叶表型多样性分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(5): 90-96.
[2]	卞丽丽, 梁大洪, 凡美玲, 伍虹雨, 周必铙, 姚文静, 王福升, 丁雨龙, 林树燕. 不同品种金佛山方竹笋营养成分含量分析及综合评价[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(4): 159-167.
[3]	陈芷涵, 尚鑫, 谢淦, 张鑫. 铁杉属花粉形态及其聚类分析研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(4): 37-45.
[4]	张赞培, 谷月营, 尚旭岚, 王纪, 方升佐. 自然低温下23个青钱柳家系耐寒性评价[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(4): 85-92.
[5]	赵金满, 韩馨悦, 程瑞明, 张志东. 塞罕坝自然保护区华北落叶松和樟子松人工林健康评价[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(3): 199-206.
[6]	武燕, 黄青, 刘讯, 郑睿, 岑佳宝, 丁波, 张运林, 符裕红. 西南喀斯特地区马尾松人工林林龄对土壤理化性质的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(3): 99-107.
[7]	赵志强, 许晓龙, 袁青, 吴妍. 哈尔滨段松花江湿地景观格局演变及驱动因素分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 48(2): 219-226.
[8]	张相, 丁鸣鸣, 林杰, 李卓远, 崔琳琳, 郭赓, 杨皓. 水蚀作用下红壤丘陵区土壤特性的空间分异特征[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(6): 77-84.
[9]	程文强, 徐阳, 吴开云, 赵献民, 龚榜初. 3种综合评价方法在柿果品质评价中的应用[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(4): 61-72.
[10]	贺坤, 王俊洁, 王本耀, 朱海军, 奉树成. 上海市行道树土壤肥力特征及其空间分布[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(3): 164-172.
[11]	张金光, 宋安琪, 夏天禹, 赵兵. 社区生活圈视角下城市公园绿地暴露水平测度[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(3): 191-198.
[12]	徐慧, 姚霞珍, 佟珂珂, 邢震, 李垚. 3种牡丹花器官不同部位挥发性成分分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(3): 63-69.
[13]	王芝懿, 李振芳, 彭婵, 陈英, 张新叶. 基于荧光SSR标记的紫薇遗传多样性分析[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(2): 61-69.
[14]	李惠芝, 关庆伟, 赵家豪, 李俊杰, 王磊, 李凤凤, 左兴平, 陈斌. 地形对麻栎人工林土壤肥力质量的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(5): 161-168.
[15]	陈含, 王东升, 白冰, 李佳凤, 陈可心, 程蓓蓓. 21份木槿栽培品种表型多样性评价[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 46(3): 117-126.