转为生态用地的中国搬迁地时空演变及其分布格局研究

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202202007

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 263-271.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202202007

转为生态用地的中国搬迁地时空演变及其分布格局研究

张桂莲(), 易扬, 张浪()

上海市园林科学规划研究院,城市困难立地生态园林国家林业和草原局重点实验室,国家林业和草原局城市困难立地绿化造林国家创新联盟,上海城市困难立地绿化工程技术研究中心,上海 200232

收稿日期:2022-02-13 修回日期:2022-06-15 出版日期:2023-11-30 发布日期:2023-11-23
通讯作者: *张浪(zl@shsyky.com),教授级高级工程师。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3802601);国家自然科学基金项目(32171569);上海市科委项目(22YF1444000);上海市绿容局项目(G220201)

Spatial and temporal evolution and distribution pattern of China’s relocation land converted to ecological land

ZHANG Guilian(), YI Yang, ZHANG Lang()

Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning,Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Ecological Landscaping of Challenging Urban Sites, National Innovation Alliance of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Afforestation and Landscaping of Challenging Urban Sites, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscaping on Challenging Urban Sites, Shanghai 200232, China

Received:2022-02-13 Revised:2022-06-15 Online:2023-11-30 Published:2023-11-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】城市化的快速发展使土地资源日益紧缺,城市园林绿化活动多在工业等搬迁地上开展。系统全面了解搬迁地的时空演变特征及其分布格局,可为城市生态空间规划与可持续管理提供重要支撑。【方法】基于GlobeLand30地表覆盖数据,采用叠加分析、空间自相关分析、方向分布分析和景观格局指数等方法,对近20年来我国333个地级行政区内人造地表变更为生态用地的搬迁地(下文简称搬迁地)数量变化进行分析,并对其空间分布格局进行研究。【结果】我国搬迁地的热点区域主要集中在华中、华南和东北地区,且其空间分布呈现显著的自相关关系;搬迁地的热点和冷点区域都有明显的方向性,热点区域逐渐向东北地区迁移,冷点区域逐渐向北方偏移;搬迁地局部空间自相关关系呈现HH(高值-高值)聚集、LL(低值-低值)聚集、LH(低值-高值)异常和HL(高值-低值)异常4种类型,以HH聚集和LL聚集为主,均有连片趋势,而LH异常零星分布在HH聚集周边,HL异常较少;搬迁地的斑块所占景观面积比例(PLAND)增加且斑块平均面积(MPS)逐渐减小,说明搬迁地逐渐以小斑块的形式增加。【结论】量化分析了我国地级行政区内搬迁地面积和比例,搬迁地分布多集中在中东部和南部等经济发达城市所在区域,搬迁地冷点区域主要集中在西南地区。

关键词: 搬迁地, 空间格局, 时空变化, 生态用地, GlobeLand30

Abstract:

【Objective】 The distribution and change in relocated areas are signs and footprints of human activities, reflecting human disturbance to the natural ecological environment. This study systematically examined the temporal and spatial evolutionary characteristics of the relocation area. The data provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of ecological space quality and function. 【Method】Based on GlobeLand30 surface coverage data, superposition, spatial autocorrelation, and directional distribution analyses, and a landscape pattern index were used to study the change in quantity and spatial distribution characteristics of relocation land that was changed to ecological land in prefecture-level administrative regions of China in the past 20 years. 【Result】Relocation areas in China were mainly concentrated in central China, south China, and northeast China. Their spatial distribution displayed a significant autocorrelation. The hot and cold spots in the relocation area exhibited obvious directionality. The hotspot area gradually moved northeast and the cold spot area gradually moved north. There were four types of local spatial autocorrelations in the relocation area, including High-High (HH), Low-Low (LL), Low-High (LH), and High-Low (HL) aggregations. HH and LL were the main types, HH and LL showed a continuous trend, LH was scattered around HH, and HL was less common. The proportion of lanscape area are occupied by patches (PLAND) in the relocated area increased and the average area(MPS) gradually decreased, indicating that the relocated area gradually increased in the form of small patches. 【Conclusion】This study quantified the area and proportion of relocation area in prefecture-level administrative regions of China. Most of the relocation areas were located in economically developed cities, such as the central and eastern regions and southern regions. This study provides data that will support urban planning and development.

Key words: relocation of construction land, spatial pattern, space-temporal change, ecological land, GlobeLand30

中图分类号:

张桂莲,易扬,张浪. 转为生态用地的中国搬迁地时空演变及其分布格局研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 47(6): 263-271.

ZHANG Guilian, YI Yang, ZHANG Lang. Spatial and temporal evolution and distribution pattern of China’s relocation land converted to ecological land[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2023, 47(6): 263-271.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202202007.

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年份 year	Moran’s I	期望值 expected value	Z	P
2000—2010	0.595	-0.003	43.490	<0.001
2010—2020	0.778	-0.003	57.374	<0.001

区域 region	年份 year	周长/km perimeter	面积/km² area	中心点X center point X	中心点Y center point Y	X轴长度 X-axis length	Y轴长度 Y-axis length	方向角度/(°) direction angle
热点 hot spots	2000—2010	33.68	80.28	116.70	35.56	3.81	6.71	37.16
	2010—2020	32.91	82.34	117.54	34.85	4.30	6.10	31.93
冷点 cold spots	2000—2010	52.53	211.50	110.93	29.76	7.00	9.62	61.54
	2010—2020	54.13	224.03	117.54	34.85	7.17	9.95	60.97

年份 year	类型 type	P_LAND/ %	I_LP/%	I_LS	P_AFRAC	I_cohesion/ %	S_MP/ km²
	HH	8.93	0.03	652.07	1.42	52.47	17.10
2000—2010	LL	2.54	0.02	140.90	1.41	49.75	16.60
	LH	3.85	0.08	52.12	1.37	52.61	19.60
2010—2020	HH	12.50	0.01	632.80	1.43	54.12	16.60
	LL	10.87	0.09	90.09	1.43	46.88	15.70
	LH	4.60	0.30	33.43	1.37	58.43	18.30
	HL	11.92	0.42	17.58	1.43	77.82	41.80

转为生态用地的中国搬迁地时空演变及其分布格局研究

Spatial and temporal evolution and distribution pattern of China’s relocation land converted to ecological land

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