Abstract: Rice straw was used to make straw carbon and straw vinegar in the self-made carbonization equipment. The effects of carbonization temperature on the yield of straw carbon, straw vinegar and straw gas were discussed. The results showed that with carbonization temperature increasing, the yields of straw carbon and straw gas presented rising trend, while the yield of straw vinegar had declining trend. Composition and properties of the straw carbon were respectively tested using element analyzer and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. The results showed that straw carbon was rich in nutritional elements for plants. The contents of C, N, P, K was 3.70 × 103,8.18 × 103, 3.96 × 103, 3. 10 × 104mg/kg respectively. The effects of straw carbon addition on the growth of Chinese cabbage was studied as well. It showed that Chinese cabbage growth increased by 20. 87%, when the addition of straw carbon was 8%of soil total quality.