Abstract: The structure of highway pavement was one of the important factors in affecting the pollution of road runoff. In order to investigate the characteristics of runoff pollution of asphalt pavement, analysis of water samples collected from highway road runoff in Hu-Ning showed that the highway road runoff had strong pollution with higher concentration of SS, COD,BOD5,and heavy metals such as Cr, Ni,Pb,Cd by using the single factor pollution index, and possess less bi~degradability. The results were the basis for its controlling measurements.