干旱对杨树人工林土壤微生物生物量碳氮磷生态化学计量特征的影响

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202311030

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (3): 33-40.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202311030

• 专题报道Ⅰ：“双碳”目标下的土壤碳研究 • 上一篇下一篇

干旱对杨树人工林土壤微生物生物量碳氮磷生态化学计量特征的影响

赵紫薇¹(), 阮宏华¹^,^*(), 杨艳², 谢友超², 沈彩芹³, 徐亚明³, 曹国华³

1.南京林业大学生态与环境学院,南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京 210037
2.江苏省林业局,江苏南京 210036
3.江苏省东台林场,江苏盐城 224243

收稿日期:2023-11-22 接受日期:2024-03-26 出版日期:2025-05-30 发布日期:2025-05-27
通讯作者: *阮宏华(hhruan@njfu.edu.cn),教授。
作者简介:
赵紫薇(z1442527446@163.com)。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2021YFD2200403);国家自然科学基金项目(32071594);江苏省林业局揭榜挂帅项目(LYKJ[2022]01);江苏林业局造林专项项目([2021—2022)

Effects of drought on the soil microbial biomass C, N, P ecological stoichiometric characteristics of poplar plantation

ZHAO Ziwei¹(), RUAN Honghua¹^,^*(), YANG Yan², XIE Youchao², SHEN Caiqin³, XU Yaming³, CAO Guohua³

1. Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Ecology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China
2. Forestry Bureau of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210036, China
3. Dongtai State Forest Farm of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng, 224243, China

Received:2023-11-22 Accepted:2024-03-26 Online:2025-05-30 Published:2025-05-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】揭示干旱对杨树人工林土壤微生物生物碳量(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)及其生态化学计量特征的影响。为深入了解未来全球干旱背景下杨树人工林土壤C、N、P生物地球化学循环,以及人工林的合理经营提供理论依据。【方法】以江苏省东台林场美洲黑杨(Populus deltoides)人工林为对象,设置自然降水(CK)、穿透雨减少30%(D1)和穿透雨减少50%(D2)3种处理,探讨土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)、氮(MBN)、磷(MBP)及其生态化学计量特征(记为MBC/MBN、MBC/MBP、MBN/MBP)对干旱处理的响应,分析其与土壤理化性质之间的关系。【结果】①干旱处理显著降低了土壤MBC、MBN、MBP含量,D2处理较对照MBC、MBN、MBP分别降低了16.09%、22.60%、32.49%;干旱处理显著增加了MBC/MBN和MBC/MBP,与CK相比,D2处理两个比值分别提高了10.33%、25.15%,但干旱处理对MBN/MBP的影响不显著。②土壤MBC、MBN、MBP含量均有季节性差异,变化范围分别为344.67~500.12、45.21~63.22和15.33~23.48 mg/kg,在夏、秋两季,其含量均较低,而冬、春两季,其含量上升到较高水平,而土壤MBC/MBN和MBC/MBP的季节变化与之完全相反,MBN/MBP没有明显的季节变化。③与对照相比,干旱处理显著降低了土壤铵态氮($\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}-\mathrm{N}$)、可溶性有机碳(DOC)、有效磷(AP)含量和含水率(SWC),分别降低了68.81%、32.77%、29.87%和11.05%;而干旱处理后,土壤pH升高、硝态氮($\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}-\mathrm{N}$)含量增加,分别增加了1.51%和194.34%。相关性分析表明,土壤MBC、MBN、MBP与SWC和全氮(TN)含量呈极显著正相关,与土壤有机碳(SOC)、$\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}-\mathrm{N}$含量和碳氮比(C/N)呈显著或极显著负相关。土壤MBC/MBN、MBC/MBP、MBN/MBP与$\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}-\mathrm{N}$含量和C/N呈显著或极显著正相关,与SWC和TN含量呈显著或极显著负相关。【结论】干旱显著影响了杨树人工林土壤微生物生物量C、N、P含量及其生态化学计量特征,进而对土壤养分平衡和循环过程产生影响。

关键词: 杨树人工林, 土壤微生物, 干旱, 生态化学计量特征, 季节变化

Abstract:

【Objective】This study aimed to reveal the effects of drought on soil microbial biomass carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P), as well as their ecological stoichiometric characteristics in poplar plantations. We also aimed to understand the soil C, N, and P biogeochemical cycles in poplar plantations under a future global drought scenario and provide a theoretical basis for the rational management of these plantations.【Method】Soil microbial biomass C (MBC), N (MBN) and P (MBP), along with their ecological stoichiometric characteristics (i.e., MBC/MBN, MBC/MBP, and MBN/MBP), and soil physicochemical properties, were examined in a poplar plantation (Populus deltoides) at Dongtai Forest Farm, Jiangsu Province, China. Three treatments were established in this study, control (CK), 30% throughfall reduction (D1), and 50% throughfall reduction (D2).【Result】(1) Soil MBC, MBN, and MBP were significantly reduced under drought conditions compared to the control, with reductions of 16.09%, 22.60%, and 32.49%, respectively, for the D2 treatment. Both MBC/MBN and MBC/MBP were significantly increased under drought conditions, with increases of 10.33% and 25.15%, respectively, in the D2 treatment, while soil MBN/MBP ratios did not change significantly. (2) Soil MBC, MBN and MBP showed significant seasonal variations, ranging from 344.67 to 500.12 mg/kg, 45.21 to 63.22 mg/kg, and 15.33 to 23.48 mg/kg, respectively. MBC, MBN, and MBP contents were lower in summer and fall than in winter and spring. In contrast, seasonal variations in MBC/MBN and MBC/MBP showed opposite trends to those of MBC, MBN, and MBP, while seasonal variations in MBN/MBP were not significant. (3) Compared with the control, drought treatments significantly reduced $\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}-\mathrm{N}$, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), available phosphorus (AP), and soil water content (SWC) by 68.81%, 32.77%, 29.87%, and 11.05%, respectively. Drought treatments increased soil pH and $\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}-\mathrm{N}$ content by 1.51% and 194.34%, respectively. Correlation analyses showed that soil MBC, MBN, and MBP had highly significant positive correlations with SWC and total nitrogen (TN) and significant or highly significant negative correlations with SOC, $\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}-\mathrm{N}$ content, and the total carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N). Soil MBC/MBN, MBC/MBP, and MBN/MBP showed significantly or highly significant positive correlations with $\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}-\mathrm{N}$ and C/N and significant or highly significant negative correlations with SWC and TN content.【Conclusion】Drought significantly affected soil microbial C, N, and P and their ecological stoichiometric characteristics in poplar plantations, potentially altering the soil nutrient balance and cycling in these plantations.

Key words: soil microbes, drought, ecological stoichiometric characteristics, popular plantation, seasonal variation

中图分类号:

S714.2

赵紫薇,阮宏华,杨艳,等. 干旱对杨树人工林土壤微生物生物量碳氮磷生态化学计量特征的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025, 49(3): 33-40.

ZHAO Ziwei, RUAN Honghua, YANG Yan, XIE Youchao, SHEN Caiqin, XU Yaming, CAO Guohua. Effects of drought on the soil microbial biomass C, N, P ecological stoichiometric characteristics of poplar plantation[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2025, 49(3): 33-40.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202311030.

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指标index	CK	D1	D2	指标index	CK	D1	D2
土壤含水率/% SWC	26.79±0.70 a	24.96±0.80 ab	23.83±0.80 b	c(SOC)/(g·kg^-1)	11.67±0.42 a	11.00±0.31 a	10.58±0.26 a
pH	8.25±0.01 b	8.34±0.02 a	8.38±0.02 a	c(AP)/(mg·kg^-1)	5.17±0.32 a	3.66±0.34 b	3.63±0.21 b
土壤容重/ (g·cm^-3) BD	1.19±0.02 a	1.14±0.03 a	1.20±0.02 a	c(TC)/(g·kg^-1)	17.11±0.13 a	17.63±0.18 a	17.27±0.17 a
c($\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}-\mathrm{N}$)/ (mg·kg^-1)	0.93±0.16 b	2.30±0.23 a	2.75±0.25 a	c(TN)/(g·kg^-1)	1.25±0.03 a	1.21±0.02 a	1.18±0.03 a
c($\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}-\mathrm{N}$)/ (mg·kg^-1)	1.46±0.21 a	0.73±0.28 b	0.46±0.04 b	c(TP)/(mg·kg^-1)	883.73±27.04 a	840.66±24.21 ab	819.63±25.91 b
c(DOC)/ (mg·kg^-1)	510.80±30.21 a	413.70±43.50 ab	343.42±39.54 b	C/N	14.10±0.34 a	14.43±0.32 a	14.64±0.40 a

指标index		MBC		MBN		MBP		MBC/MBN		MBC/MBP	MBN/MBP
MBN		0.844^**
MBP		0.873^**		0.920^**
MBC/MBN		-0.281		-0.744^**		-0.545^**
MBC/MBP		-0.562^**		-0.786^**		-0.869^**		0.697^**
MBN/MBP		-0.533^**		-0.422^*		-0.727^**		0.055		0.750^**
SWC		0.556^**		0.714^**		0.722^**		-0.602^**		-0.718^**	-0.464^**
pH	-0.028		-0.147		-0.225		0.216		0.313		0.252
BD	0.587		0.587		0.560		-0.413		-0.492		-0.395
$\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}-\mathrm{N}$	-0.070		0.026		-0.025		-0.159		-0.064		0.074
$\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}-\mathrm{N}$	-0.639^**		-0.660^**		-0.657^**		0.378^*		0.498^**		0.353^*
DOC	-0.012		-0.081		-0.081		0.137		0.143		0.084
SOC	-0.379^*		-0.587^**		-0.534^**		0.612^**		0.651^**		0.319
AP	-0.009		-0.015		0.063		0.072		-0.020		-0.103
TC	-0.289		-0.356^*		-0.282		0.303		0.186		-0.019
TN	0.520^**		0.655^**		0.624^**		-0.513^**		-0.620^**		-0.395^*
TP	0.122		0.246		0.345^*		-0.299		-0.449^**		-0.376^*
C/N	-0.571^**		-0.735^**		-0.662^**		0.600^**		0.596^**		0.595^*

干旱对杨树人工林土壤微生物生物量碳氮磷生态化学计量特征的影响

Effects of drought on the soil microbial biomass C, N, P ecological stoichiometric characteristics of poplar plantation

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