One hundred and thirty seven progenies representing 11 half-sib families in Populus deltoides germplasm garden were analyzed by using twelve SSR primers. One hundred and three alleles were identified, which 8.67 alleles per pair primers (A). Average number of effective alleles (Ne) was 5.37. Aver. age observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.39 and average expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.75, of which 10 pair primers were over 0.65. Coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst) was 0.22. Gene diversity (h) of families was from 0.55 to 0.72. The result of cluster analysis by using UPGMA method indicated that identities within families accord with geographic locations.