Forest edge renewal of Larix gmelinii and its response to the environment

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201903025

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (2): 165-172.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2006.201903025

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Forest edge renewal of Larix gmelinii and its response to the environment

WEI Yulong¹(), ZHANG Qiuliang¹^,²^,^*()

1. College of Forestry,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010010,China
2. Daxing’an Mountain Forest Ecosystem National Scientific Observation Research Station in Inner Mogolia,Hulun Buir 021000,China

Received:2019-03-08 Revised:2019-05-13 Online:2020-03-30 Published:2020-04-01
Contact: ZHANG Qiuliang E-mail:2418089938@qq.com;18686028468@163.com

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study was conducted to reveal the relationship between the edge regeneration of Larix gmelinii forests and the soil characteristics and environmental factors. 【Method】 Based on the determination of environmental factors and the soil physical and chemical properties, One-way ANOVA and correlation analysis were used to analyze the regenerative growth of L. gmelinii. The correlation among the natural regeneration index of the larch forest edge and the soil physical and chemical properties and environmental factors were calculated.【Result】 The regeneration index in the three plots at 0 m from the edge of the forest was the highest, whereas the regeneration index in the three plots at 20, 40 and 60 m from the edge of the forest showed light change and tended to be stable. The photosynthetic effective radiation and air temperature at the edge of L. gmelinii forest were significantly higher than those in the forest. Soil nutrients at the forest margin were higher than those in the forest, and soil pH in the forest margin was lower than that in the forest. The main factors affecting the regeneration ofL. gmelinii at the forest margin were soil moisture content, soil organic matter and photosynthetic active radiation. The main factors affecting the regeneration of L. gmelinii at the forest margin were soil moisture content and the available soil phosphorus by multiple linear regression analysis. 【Conclusion】 The regeneration effect of L. gmelinii at the forest margin was better than that in the forest. The influence of the forest margin effect on the regeneration ofL. gmelinii forests was within 20 m of the forest margin. The photosynthetic effective radiation, air temperature, and the soil physical and chemical properties could effectively influence the renewal of the L. gmelinii forest, and the water content of the soil was the most important factor affecting the renewal of L. gmelinii. The regeneration of the forest edge of L. gmelinii can be promoted by improving the forest environment.

Key words: Larix gmelinii, forest edge effect, natural regeneration, site condition, environmental factors, soil moisture content

CLC Number:

S754.1

WEI Yulong, ZHANG Qiuliang. Forest edge renewal of Larix gmelinii and its response to the environment[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2020, 44(2): 165-172.

Figures/Tables 11

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样地 sample plot	样带号 belt No.	郁闭度 crown density	上层乔木林密度/ (株·hm^-2) upper arbor density	树种组成 tree species	更新株数 updated shares
Ⅰ	A	0.64	2 000	7落3桦	225
	B	0.70	2 000	9落1桦	106
	C	0.82	2 000	9落1桦	90
	D	0.66	2 350	9落1桦	108
Ⅱ	A	0.74	3 100	8落2桦	98
	B	0.73	2 850	9落1桦	52
	C	0.68	2 900	9落1桦	47
	D	0.70	3 050	9落1桦	54
Ⅲ	A	0.65	2 100	8落2桦	80
	B	0.70	2 150	9落1桦	58
	C	0.74	2 050	9落1桦	65
	D	0.65	2 000	9落1桦	60

样地 sample plot	样带号 belt No.	分布状况distribution			生长状况growing situation			年龄结构age structure
样地 sample plot	样带号 belt No.	株数 number	频度 frequency	更新评价相关系数 relevance coefficient	平均高 height	平均地径 dimeter	更新评价相关系数 relevance coefficient	大苗百分比 percentage of big seedling	更新评价相关系数 relevance coefficient
Ⅰ	A	1.00	1.00	0.915	0.66	0.71	0.036	0.69	0.022
	B	0.47	0.51	0.447	1.00	0.82	0.049	0.80	0.026
	C	0.40	0.50	0.408	0.96	0.82	0.048	0.97	0.031
	D	0.48	0.48	0.439	0.97	0.97	0.051	1.00	0.032
Ⅱ	A	0.43	0.53	0.435	0.70	0.78	0.039	0.73	0.023
	B	0.23	0.24	0.215	0.91	0.89	0.048	0.85	0.027
	C	0.21	0.25	0.209	1.00	0.87	0.050	0.99	0.032
	D	0.24	0.25	0.224	0.91	1.00	0.050	0.90	0.029
Ⅲ	A	0.35	0.43	0.353	0.82	0.76	0.042	0.86	0.028
	B	0.26	0.31	0.259	0.97	0.98	0.052	0.97	0.031
	C	0.29	0.32	0.278	0.86	0.78	0.044	0.73	0.023
	D	0.27	0.29	0.255	0.93	0.87	0.048	0.88	0.028
信息熵information entropy		0.953	0.961		0.997	0.998		0.997
变异系数coefficient of variation		0.047	0.039		0.003	0.002		0.003
权重weights		0.500	0.415		0.032	0.021		0.032

样地 sample plot	样带号 belt No.	光合有效辐射/ (μmol·m^-2·s^-1) PAR	空气湿度/% air humidity	气温/℃ air temperature
Ⅰ	A	73.35±2.56 a	65.09±7.68 a	22.25±0.27 a
	B	62.39±4.98 b	67.15±7.06 a	21.63±0.25 b
	C	57.35±4.98 b	67.62±6.63 a	21.51±0.26 b
	D	56.93±4.82 b	68.18±6.97 a	21.36±0.17 b
Ⅱ	A	87.27±3.84 a	68.66±5.72 a	21.98±0.37 a
	B	72.76±5.30 b	69.11±5.46 a	21.38±0.19 b
	C	71.43±4.28 b	69.46±5.17 a	21.17±0.32 b
	D	73.75±6.15 b	70.22±6.22 a	21.20±0.19 b
Ⅲ	A	67.07±2.84 a	69.46±5.94 a	22.49±0.47 a
	B	54.05±3.91 b	69.81±5.77 a	21.67±0.31 b
	C	55.13±2.13 b	70.42±5.87 a	21.68±0.33 b
	D	54.55±4.94 b	70.51±5.35 a	21.62±0.28 b

样地 sample plot	样带号 belt No.	土壤含水率/% soil moisture content	土壤密度/ (g·cm^-3) soil bulk density	速效钾含量/ (mg·kg^-1) available K content	有机质含量/ (g·kg^-1) organic matter content	有效磷含量/ (mg·kg^-1) available P content	pH	铵态氮含量/ (mg·kg^-1) ammonium N content	全磷含量/ (g·kg^-1) total phosphorus content
Ⅰ	A	17.29±0.51 a	1.47±0.05 a	57.62±3.05 b	61.59±5.15 a	80.72±1.66 a	5.69±0.08 b	32.27±2.15 a	2.27±0.03 a
	B	16.85±0.44 a	1.47±0.06 a	59.50±1.34 b	41.25±4.88 b	52.93±6.48 b	5.87±0.06 a	24.91±2.86 b	1.75±0.07 b
	C	17.29±0.69 a	1.42±0.05 a	61.26±5.18 ab	40.87±4.03 b	55.56±5.91 b	5.89±0.06 a	23.90±3.85 b	1.71±0.03 b
	D	17.25±0.36 a	1.42±0.04 a	67.45±5.69 a	40.42±3.87 b	52.45±6.46 b	5.85±0.04 a	23.65±2.79 b	1.69±0.04 b
Ⅱ	A	11.44±0.26 b	1.72±0.05 a	53.83±4.62 b	56.49±1.85 a	60.71±4.60 a	5.50±0.14 b	29.97±2.50 a	2.04±0.06 a
	B	12.63±0.40 a	1.58±0.06 b	64.74±6.68 a	35.38±6.09 b	50.21±4.83 b	5.73±0.09 a	19.01±2.26 b	1.28±0.07 b
	C	12.99±0.41 a	1.60±0.05 b	65.65±3.23 a	33.58±5.80 b	46.80±6.46 b	5.77±0.07 a	19.78±2.22 b	1.27±0.04 b
	D	13.00±0.14 a	1.59±0.04 b	53.05±4.29 b	32.30±5.65 b	48.61±2.54 b	5.80±0.06 a	19.63±2.91 b	1.21±0.04 b
Ⅲ	A	11.51±0.52 b	1.62±0.05 a	55.97±3.09 a	51.02±2.19 a	58.70±1.97 a	5.64±0.07 b	28.97±3.40 a	1.79±0.05 a
	B	13.64±0.49 a	1.51±0.06 b	61.58±7.69 a	38.79±5.89 b	49.67±5.24 b	5.80±0.09 a	20.84±2.12 b	1.50±0.07 b
	C	14.30±0.26 a	1.50±0.05 b	63.88±6.17 a	37.25±6.61 b	49.45±3.85 b	5.81±0.07 a	20.49±2.20 b	1.50±0.07 b
	D	14.29±0.68 a	1.51±0.04 b	60.46±1.89 a	36.00±5.72 b	50.14±2.98 b	5.83±0.07 a	20.09±3.41 b	1.44±0.08 b

主成分 principal component	特征值 characteristic	贡献率/% contribution rate	累积贡献率/% cumulative contribution rate
1	5.900	53.635	53.635
2	3.435	31.227	84.862
3	0.832	7.567	92.430
4	0.572	5.204	97.634
5	0.140	1.269	98.903
6	0.082	0.743	99.646
7	0.020	0.185	99.831
8	0.011	0.096	99.927
9	0.008	0.071	99.998
10	0.000	0.002	100.000
11	0.000	0.000	100.000

Forest edge renewal of Larix gmelinii and its response to the environment

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变量 variable	主成分 principal component
变量 variable	1	2	3
有机质含量OM content	0.982	0.122	0.072
有效磷含量AP content	0.896	0.330	-0.073
速效钾含量AK content	-0.593	0.407	-0.084
铵态氮含量AN content	0.966	0.174	0.055
全磷含量TP content	0.903	0.370	0.073
pH	-0.731	0.627	0.010
含水率moisture content	-0.017	0.973	-0.166
土壤密度soilbulk density	0.292	-0.945	-0.095
光合有效辐射 PAR	0.576	-0.580	-0.572
空气湿度air humidity	-0.629	-0.640	0.400
气温air temperature	0.827	0.005	0.532

预测变量(常量) predictive variable (constant)	系数coefficient		t	P	共线性统计量 collinear statistics
预测变量(常量) predictive variable (constant)	回归系数 regression coefficient	误差 error	t	P	容差 tolerance	VIF
常量constant	-0.898	0.075	-12.004	0.000
土壤有效磷含量AP content	0.017	0.001	15.616	0.000	0.905	1.104
土壤含水率moisture content	0.027	0.005	6.034	0.000	0.905	1.104