The evacuation model of forest tunnel fire based on the characteristics of smoke diffusion

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202009050

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 177-184.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202009050

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The evacuation model of forest tunnel fire based on the characteristics of smoke diffusion

WANG Yuchen(), MA Jianxiao^*(), LIU Yuhang, BAI Yingjia

College of Automotive and Transportation Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China

Received:2020-09-22 Accepted:2021-03-09 Online:2021-11-30 Published:2021-12-02
Contact: MA Jianxiao E-mail:15250989036@163.com;jxma@163.com

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To ensure the safety of forest tunnel operation, improve the efficiency of emergency evacuation, and optimize the crowd evacuation strategy and related supporting facilities of forest tunnels. 【Method】 A crowd evacuation model of a forest tunnel based on the characteristics of smoke diffusion was proposed. Based on the floor field model in a cellular automaton, a smoke diffusion model on the diffusion range and diffusion frequency was established and light loss coefficient was introduced to describe the effect of smoke on visibility; the smoke field was introduced to describe the behavior of pedestrians’ escape from smoke. 【Result】 The improved model was applied to a forest tunnel smoke environment for simulation. Compared with the basic model, the average evacuation step of pedestrians increased by 71 s after the introduction of the light loss coefficient. The greater the value of the light loss coefficient, the longer the evacuation time. The smoke diffusion frequency has a certain influence on evacuation only after 100 s and the diffusion frequency reaches 6 cells per second. 【Conclusion】 The results of this study can be applied to the setting of safety facilities such as light emitting signs in forest tunnels, which is of great significance for avoiding casualties and safeguarding forest areas and their related ancillary facilities.

Key words: forest tunnel, emergency evacuation, smoke diffusion, cellular automaton, traffic safety

CLC Number:

WANG Yuchen, MA Jianxiao, LIU Yuhang, BAI Yingjia. The evacuation model of forest tunnel fire based on the characteristics of smoke diffusion[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2021, 45(6): 177-184.

Figures/Tables 8

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The evacuation model of forest tunnel fire based on the characteristics of smoke diffusion

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