The spatio-temporal characteristics of soil erosion in orchards of Dalian City based on the CSLE model

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202304015

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3): 117-124.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202304015

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The spatio-temporal characteristics of soil erosion in orchards of Dalian City based on the CSLE model

JI Xinyu(), YU Yue^*(), ZHANG Sifan, LIU Yuanyuan

School of Geography Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China

Received:2023-04-13 Revised:2023-08-03 Online:2024-05-30 Published:2024-06-14

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The orchards in Dalian City suffer from soil erosion due to vigorous developmental activities. This study aimed to quantitatively analyze the status of soil erosion, determine the spatio-temporal characteristics of soil erosion in orchards in Dalian City, and explore the key factors that influence soil erosion. The results can provide significant insights for the healthy development and ecological protection of the orchard industry in Dalian City. 【Method】 The characteristics of soil erosion in orchards in Dalian City were assessed by using the Chinese soil loss equation (CSLE) model, based on geographic big data available online. The results were visually interpreted, and the dynamic changes and factors influencing soil erosion in the study area were subsequently analyzed. 【Result】 The area of soil erosion constituted approximately 40% of the total area of Dalian City, and the erosion was serious in the northern and southern mountainous and hilly regions. The average soil erosion modulus of the orchards in Dalian City was 1 230.29, 1 150.95, 2 311.36, 6 384.55, 3 399.60 and 3 484.24 t/(km²·a) in 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively. Analysis of the intensity of soil erosion primarily revealed micro and slight erosion. Strong and above grade erosion was primarily observed in Ganjingzi, Jinzhou, and Lüshunkou District. Soil erosion was primarily observed in slope grades below 25° and in regions with rainfall grades ranging between 500 and 900 mm. The finding revealed that greenhouse coverage could reduce soil erosion in greenhouse orchards and open field/facility orchards, and vegetation coverage could effectively reduce soil erosion in open field orchards. 【Conclusion】 Soil erosion in the orchards in Dalian City exhibits obvious spatial distribution characteristics in that the intensity of erosion is high in the south and low in the north area. The successful control of soil erosion in orchards and the efficient promotion and sustainable development of the orchard industry can be achieved in future by increasing the area of greenhouse coverage, increasing the vegetation coverage of outdoor greenhouses, and selecting the location of orchards reasonably.

Key words: soil erosion, soil erosion modulus, CSLE model, facility greenhouse, orchard of Dalian City

CLC Number:

S157.1

JI Xinyu, YU Yue, ZHANG Sifan, LIU Yuanyuan. The spatio-temporal characteristics of soil erosion in orchards of Dalian City based on the CSLE model[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2024, 48(3): 117-124.

Figures/Tables 6

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References 33

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行政区 district	面积/km² area							平均土壤侵蚀模数/ (t·km^-2·a^-1) average soil erosion modulus	平均土壤侵蚀量/ (t·a^-1) average soil loss
行政区 district	总体 sum	微度 micro	轻度 slight	中度 moderate	强烈 strong	极强烈 extreme	剧烈 severe	平均土壤侵蚀模数/ (t·km^-2·a^-1) average soil erosion modulus	平均土壤侵蚀量/ (t·a^-1) average soil loss
甘井子区 Ganjingzi	1.948	0.291	0.646	0.344	0.237	0.273	0.157	5 256.15	10 236.36
金州区 Jinzhou	7.475	3.441	2.638	0.545	0.318	0.301	0.232	2 209.29	16 512.99
旅顺口区 Lüshunkou	2.016	0.518	0.700	0.237	0.173	0.210	0.178	4 610.48	9 294.99
普兰店区 Pulandian	0.371	0.273	0.072	0.014	0.006	0.004	0.002	602.82	223.44
瓦房店市 Wafangdian	0.575	0.183	0.166	0.074	0.049	0.066	0.037	3 940.29	2 265.01
庄河市 Zhuanghe	0.690	0.414	0.209	0.041	0.015	0.008	0.003	875.61	604.92
平均土壤侵蚀模数/ (t·km^-2·a^-1) average soil erosion modulus		48.35	1 008.30	3 596.89	6 378.34	11 035.32	25 195.47
平均土壤侵蚀量/ (t·a^-1) average soil loss		247.64	4 468.20	4 511.89	5 088.86	9 502.72	15 318.38

年份 year	土壤侵蚀强度 soil erosion intensity	微度 micro	轻度 slight	中度 moderate	强烈 strong	极强烈 extreme	剧烈 severe	总计 total
	微度 micro	4.947	1.343	0.072	0.060	0.075	0.219	6.714
	轻度 slight	0.100	2.210	1.040	0.508	0.410	0.298	4.565
	中度 moderate	0.005	0.038	0.088	0.100	0.292	0.408	0.932
2015—2018	强烈 strong	0.003	0.008	0.009	0.023	0.059	0.353	0.454
	极强烈 extreme	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.004	0.018	0.272	0.299
	剧烈 severe	0	0	0	0	0.001	0.109	0.110
	总计 total	5.057	3.600	1.210	0.695	0.854	1.659	13.074
	微度 micro	4.740	0.286	0.009	0.004	0.011	0.007	5.057
	轻度 slight	0.737	2.511	0.262	0.044	0.023	0.022	3.600
	中度 moderate	0.074	0.563	0.398	0.104	0.057	0.015	1.210
2018—2020	强烈 strong	0.040	0.174	0.228	0.151	0.082	0.020	0.695
	极强烈 extreme	0.046	0.154	0.156	0.197	0.228	0.074	0.854
	剧烈 severe	0.032	0.195	0.167	0.194	0.422	0.649	1.659
	总计 total	5.669	3.882	1.220	0.695	0.823	0.786	13.074

种植设施类别 class of planting facility	面积/km² area	平均土壤侵蚀模数/(t·km^-2·a^-1) average soil erosion modulus	平均土壤侵蚀量/(t·a^-1) average soil loss	多年平均降水量/mm average precipitation
Ⅰ	1.61	0	0	623.83
Ⅱ	0.39	2 214.58	572.27	604.65
Ⅲ	11.08	3 233.36	35 823.34	598.00

The spatio-temporal characteristics of soil erosion in orchards of Dalian City based on the CSLE model

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