南京典型城市道路植物多样性与土壤因子的耦合关系

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202006063

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 119-126.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202006063

南京典型城市道路植物多样性与土壤因子的耦合关系

徐晶园¹(), 圣倩倩¹, 王伟希¹, 刘聪哲¹, 祝遵凌¹^,²^,^*()

1. 南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京林业大学风景园林学院,江苏南京 210037
2. 南京林业大学艺术设计学院,江苏南京 210037

收稿日期:2020-06-30 接受日期:2021-02-15 出版日期:2021-11-30 发布日期:2021-12-02
通讯作者: 祝遵凌
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31770752);江苏省“333 工程” 项目(BRA2018065)

Modeling the degree of coupling relationship between plant community diversity and soil properties on typical urban roads in Nanjing

XU Jingyuan¹(), SHENG Qianqian¹, WANG Weixi¹, LIU Congzhe¹, ZHU Zunling¹^,²^,^*()

1. Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,College of Landscape Architecture,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China
2. College of Art & Design,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;

Received:2020-06-30 Accepted:2021-02-15 Online:2021-11-30 Published:2021-12-02
Contact: ZHU Zunling

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的植物-土壤系统的作用机制复杂,揭示城市道路绿地植物群落正向演替的限制因子,筛选配置最优的植物群落类型,为城市道路绿化景观再设计提供数据支撑,也为城市道路绿化带土壤管护提供理论指导。方法以南京市大气污染程度排名前列的3条城市道路(江北大道、诚信大道和仙林大道)为研究对象,选取典型的植物群落进行实地勘察和土壤采样分析,根据植物的生活型划分群落类别(单层群落、双层群落、3层群落和4层群落),采用灰色关联度分析方法测算不同类型群落的物种多样性与土壤因子的耦合关系。结果随群落层次结构的增加,城市道路绿地的植物群落物种多样性水平呈现升高趋势。4层群落的土壤含水率普遍较高;土壤有机质、土壤全氮和土壤速效钾的含量随群落层次的增加呈现增大趋势。土壤因子更易影响植物的分布,而对植物种类的影响最小;土壤全钾、土壤容重、土壤有机质、土壤全氮、土壤全磷和土壤pH是植物生长的主要限制因子,平均关联系数均大于0.90,与物种多样性的关联度极强。随群落层次结构的增加,物种多样性与土壤因子的耦合度增大。结论结构层次丰富的植物群落,其生态系统稳定性强,因此,城市道路绿化景观建设中,在考虑环境条件和交通需求的基础之上,植物群落的构建应首先推荐结构丰富的4层群落。

关键词: 城市道路, 群落类型, 土壤因子, 耦合关系, 南京市

Abstract:

【Objective】 The plant-soil system has a complex mechanism of action. We aimed to reveal the limiting factors for the positive succession of plant communities on urban roads as well as screen for the best plant community types. We expect the results of this study to provide a theoretical guidance for soil management and protection, and provide data supports for redesigning urban road green landscapes. 【Method】 Three urban roads (Jiangbei Avenue, Honesty Avenue and Xianlin Avenue) that ranked high in the air pollution level in Nanjing, China, were regarded as research objects. Typical plant communities were selected for field surveys and the soil sampling analysis. According to the lifestyle of the plant, the community was divided into the following categories: single-layer, double-layer, three-layer and four-layer communities. The degree of coupling and interaction between plant community diversity and soil properties were measured using the gray correlation model. 【Result】 With the increase in community hierarchy, the level of species diversity showed an upward trend. The four-layer community had the highest soil water content, and the contents of soil organic matter, soil total nitrogen and soil available potassium showed an increasing trend with an increase in the community level. Soil properties were more likely to affect the uniformity of plant distributions than plant species, which experienced a minimal impact. Soil total potassium, soil bulk density, soil organic matter, soil total nitrogen, soil total phosphorus and soil pH were the main limiting factors for the vegetation growth. The correlation with plant factors was greater than 0.90 (a strong correlation). With the increase in community hierarchy, the degree of coupling of the plant-soil system increased. 【Conclusion】 Plant communities with high structural levels have a strong ecosystem stability. Considering environmental conditions and transportation needs, the recommendation for urban road greening is a four-layer community with a rich community structure.

Key words: urban road, community type, soil property, coupling relationship, Nanjing City

中图分类号:

S718

徐晶园,圣倩倩,王伟希,等. 南京典型城市道路植物多样性与土壤因子的耦合关系[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(6): 119-126.

XU Jingyuan, SHENG Qianqian, WANG Weixi, LIU Congzhe, ZHU Zunling. Modeling the degree of coupling relationship between plant community diversity and soil properties on typical urban roads in Nanjing[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2021, 45(6): 119-126.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202006063.

图/表 7

图1

表1

表2

表3

不同类型群落下土壤理化特征分析(均值±标准误)"

道路 road	群落类型 community type	含水率/% WC	容重/ (g·cm^-3) BD	pH	有机质质量分数/% OM	全氮质量分数/% TN	水解氮含量/ (mg·kg^-1) AN	全磷质量分数/% TP	速效磷含量/ (mg·kg^-1) AP	全钾质量分数/% TK	速效钾含量/ (mg·kg^-1) AK
江北大道 Jiangbei Avenue	单层	19.46± 1.28 A	1.81± 0.12 A	8.20± 0.21 A	0.455 1± 0.04 A	0.051 6± 0.01 A	13.71± 1.25 A	0.029 3± 0.00 A	23.97± 3.35 A	1.52± 0.19 A	103.62± 6.85 A
	3层	19.99± 0.34 A	1.51± 0.08 A	7.32± 0.46 A	1.181 3± 0.23 A	0.079 3± 0.01 A	50.85± 14.52 A	0.039 1± 0.00 A	21.59± 3.86 A	2.59± 0.43 A	116.50± 4.17 A
	4层	20.40± 1.07 A	1.71± 0.06 A	7.32± 0.32 A	1.486 2± 0.42 A	0.077 3± 0.02 A	46.63± 14.96 A	0.050 3± 0.00 B	26.67± 2.36 A	2.41± 0.33 A	143.89± 9.25 B
诚信大道 Honesty Avenue	单层	8.49± 0.78 A	1.59± 0.04 B	7.11± 0.07 A	0.87± 0.07 A	0.058 0± 0.00 A	41.42± 0.83 A	0.034 1± 0.00 A	4.09± 0.34 A	0.71± 0.03 A	103.19± 3.06 A
	3层	8.06± 0.29 A	1.44± 0.03 A	6.70± 0.26 A	1.52± 0.15 A	0.069 4± 0.01 A	71.96± 13.26 A	0.037 2± 0.00 A	19.68± 2.42 B	2.22± 0.26 B	109.56± 10.71 A
	4层	9.35± 1.27 A	1.50± 0.02 AB	6.87± 0.24 A	1.59± 0.39 A	0.085 6± 0.01 A	68.52± 10.99 A	0.034 3± 0.01 A	17.31± 2.78 B	1.84± 0.20 B	144.91± 12.68 A
仙林大道 Xianlin Avenue	单层	10.01± 0.92 A	1.14± 0.08 A	6.82± 0.12 A	0.97± 0.09 A	0.060 4± 0.00 A	24.02± 1.91 A	0.034 2± 0.00 A	4.94± 0.45 A	1.59± 0.02 A	60.14± 5.40 A
	双层	18.34± 0.43 B	1.32± 0.05 B	7.05± 0.09 AB	1.23± 0.05 AB	0.067 7± 0.00 AB	37.60± 2.73 B	0.040 2± 0.00 A	17.84± 1.56 B	2.24± 0.08 B	93.01± 8.53 AB
	3层	17.18± 1.28 B	1.24± 0.01 AB	7.23± 0.71 B	1.39± 0.09 AB	0.081 9± 0.00 AB	51.08± 5.33 B	0.038 9± 0.00 A	26.75± 4.18 B	2.31± 0.12 B	127.79± 19.89 B
	4层	21.57± 0.28 C	1.35± 0.01 B	7.05± 0.05 AB	1.64± 0.16 B	0.089 3± 0.01 B	40.72± 5.20 B	0.058 2± 0.01 A	22.04± 2.78 B	2.11± 0.24 B	184.95± 9.06 C

表3

表4

表5

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道路 road	样地编号 plot No.	植物组成 composition of plant	经纬度 latitude and longitude	坡度/ (°) slope	裸地率/% bare ground rate	群落类型 community type
江北大道 Jiangbei Avenue	A1	合欢+木樨+垂丝海棠+狗牙根	118°42'31″E, 32°09'27″N	3	13	3层
	A2	朴树+紫薇+石楠+垂丝海棠+紫荆+小叶女贞+海桐+红叶石楠+粉花绣线菊+红叶石楠+鸢尾+狗牙根	118°42'31″E, 32°09'28″N	4	3	4层
	A3	香樟+东京樱花+紫薇+金边黄杨+红叶石楠+金叶女贞+小叶女贞+海桐+狗牙根	118°42'40″E, 32°09'34″N	2	8	4层
	A4	香樟+朴树+紫薇+紫叶李+海桐+红花檵木+小叶女贞+金叶女贞+红叶石楠+杜鹃+金边黄杨+紫萼+狗牙根	118°42'33″E, 32°09'37″N	2	5	4层
	A5	香樟+栾树+构树+狗牙根+狗尾草	118°42'33″E, 32°09'38″N	2	18	3层
	A6	狗牙根	118°42'36″E, 32°09'48″N	2	9	单层
	A7	香樟+朴树+金边黄杨+海桐+红花檵木+杜鹃+狗牙根	118°42'28″E, 32°09'33″N	4	4	3层
诚信大道 Honesty Avenue	B1	栾树+柳树+梅花+木樨+桃+十大功劳+红花檵木+小叶女贞+珊瑚树+沿阶草+结缕草	118°51'05″E, 31°54'59″N	2	23	4层
	B2	柳树+栾树+香樟+木樨+夹竹桃+金边黄杨+十大功劳+黄杨+小叶女贞+珊瑚树+沿阶草+结缕草	118°50'52″E, 31°54'54″N	2	25	4层
	B3	杨树+栾树+东京樱花+紫薇+红花檵木+海桐+结缕草	118°50'36″E, 31°54'52″N	1	33	4层
	B4	梅花+桃+四季桂+海桐+杜鹃+红花檵木+结缕草	118°50'51″E, 31°54'56″N	2	12	3层
	B5	桃+椤木石楠+四季桂+杜鹃+南天竹+红花檵木+金叶女贞+结缕草	118°50'58″E, 31°54'59″N	2	9	3层
	B6	椤木石楠+四季桂+杜鹃+红花檵木+南天竹+结缕草	118°51'09″E, 31°55'03″N	2	34	3层
	B7	结缕草	118°51'14″E, 31°55'03″N	1	12	单层

道路 road	样地编号 plot No.	植物组成 composition of plant	经纬度 latitude and longitude	坡度/ (°) slope	裸地率/% bare ground rate	群落类型 community type
仙林大道 Xianlin Avenue	C1	结缕草	118°54'51″E, 32°05'41″N	1	3	单层
	C2	海桐+小叶女贞+金边黄杨+红花檵木+红叶石楠+结缕草	118°54'53″E, 32°05'46″N	1	4	双层
	C3	香樟+银杏+柏木+结缕草	118°54'55″E, 32°05'45″N	3	2	双层
	C4	黄连木+香樟+木樨+杜英+紫薇+金边黄杨+杜鹃+红叶石楠+结缕草	118°54'58″E, 32°05'43″N	4	1	4层
	C5	黄连木+香樟+女贞+金边黄杨+红花檵木+结缕草+沿阶草	118°55'03″E, 32°05'49″N	3	2	3层
	C6	木樨+金叶女贞+红花檵木+沿阶草+结缕草	118°55'07″E, 32°05'50″N	1	3	3层
	C7	雪松+沿阶草+结缕草	118°55'10″E, 32°05'52″N	1	2	双层
	C8	香樟+紫叶李+木樨+金边黄杨+红花檵木+海桐+鸢尾+结缕草	118°55'11″E, 32°05'51″N	3	1	4层
	C9	雪松+木樨+垂丝海棠+金鸡菊+黑心金光菊+结缕草+紫花酢浆草	118°55'15″E, 32°05'54″N	1	3	3层
	C10	香樟+雪松+木槿+紫薇+金边黄杨+细叶芒+狼尾草+蒲苇+结缕草	118°55'21″E, 32°05'59″N	1	2	4层

道路 road	群落类型 community type	多样性指数diversity index
道路 road	群落类型 community type	R	H	J
江北大道 Jiangbei Avenue	4层	11.00	2.98	2.20
江北大道 Jiangbei Avenue	3层	5.67	1.53	1.74
诚信大道 Honesty Avenue	4层	10.00	2.77	2.33
诚信大道 Honesty Avenue	3层	7.00	1.67	1.50
仙林大道 Xianlin Avenue	4层	8.67	2.27	1.89
	3层	6.33	1.62	1.68
	双层	4.33	1.02	0.91

道路 road	指数 index	WC	BD	pH	OM	TN	AN	TP	AP	TK	AK
江北大道 Jiangbei Avenue	R	0.816 7	0.902 6	0.953 4	0.893 4	0.880 4	0.695 0	0.880 1	0.814 3	0.912 6	0.349 6
	H	0.752 5	0.985 6	0.916 7	0.980 5	0.965 2	0.644 5	0.964 8	0.753 4	0.987 0	0.337 6
	J	0.749 8	0.991 5	0.913 0	0.984 7	0.969 1	0.642 3	0.968 7	0.751 2	0.990 3	0.337 1
诚信大道 Honesty Avenue	R	0.973 1	0.884 2	0.969 2	0.880 6	0.864 2	0.542 7	0.863 8	0.862 1	0.893 7	0.352 2
	H	0.886 7	0.986 7	0.917 5	0.982 5	0.962 0	0.509 2	0.961 5	0.792 7	0.983 8	0.338 1
	J	0.882 4	0.987 3	0.912 8	0.984 5	0.967 1	0.507 8	0.966 6	0.789 4	0.985 3	0.337 5
仙林大道 Xianlin Avenue	R	0.786 9	0.934 3	0.956 0	0.929 5	0.913 4	0.668 0	0.913 2	0.823 3	0.944 7	0.344 7
	H	0.746 4	0.989 2	0.907 1	0.988 8	0.974 1	0.636 9	0.973 8	0.777 6	0.986 9	0.336 5
	J	0.744 9	0.990 3	0.904 9	0.993 2	0.976 7	0.635 5	0.976 3	0.775 8	0.985 3	0.336 2

道路 road	群落类型 community type	耦合度均值 mean value of coupling	协调类型 coordination type
江北大道 Jiangbei Avenue	3层	0.812 0	良好协调
江北大道 Jiangbei Avenue	4层	0.825 6	良好协调
诚信大道 Honesty Avenue	3层	0.825 6	良好协调
诚信大道 Honesty Avenue	4层	0.834 9	良好协调
仙林大道 Xianlin Avenue	双层	0.814 4	良好协调
	3层	0.820 7	良好协调
	4层	0.850 6	良好协调

南京典型城市道路植物多样性与土壤因子的耦合关系

Modeling the degree of coupling relationship between plant community diversity and soil properties on typical urban roads in Nanjing

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