MIXTA/MIXTA-like基因特征及其对植物表皮细胞分化的调控

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202102008

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 229-237.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202102008

MIXTA/MIXTA-like基因特征及其对植物表皮细胞分化的调控

周芳伟(), 吴怀通, 尹佟明^*()

教育部林木遗传与生物技术重点实验室,江苏省林木遗传与高效培育重点实验室,南京林业大学林学院,南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京 210037

收稿日期:2021-02-03 接受日期:2021-03-22 出版日期:2021-07-30 发布日期:2021-07-30
通讯作者: 尹佟明
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31800562);江苏省“333高层次人才工程”项目;江苏南方现代林业协同创新项目

Characteristics of MIXTA/MIXTA-like genes and their functions in regulating plant epidermal cells differentiation

ZHOU Fangwei(), WU Huaitong, YIN Tongming^*()

Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Efficient Cultivation of Jiangsu Province, Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2021-02-03 Accepted:2021-03-22 Online:2021-07-30 Published:2021-07-30
Contact: YIN Tongming

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物表皮细胞是植物最外层直接与环境相互作用的细胞,依据其不同功能,分化形成多种具有防卫功能的特化细胞结构,在植物防御、减少蒸腾、授粉媒介吸引、种子散布、次生代谢产物合成与贮存等方面起着重要作用。研究发现MIXTA/MIXTA-like是多种植物表皮细胞分化的关键调控因子。在不同植物中,MIXTA/MIXTA-like作用部位(主要集中在花瓣、叶片、胚珠和子房)和调节方式不同,但最终都是通过调控表皮细胞分化发挥作用。MIXTA/MIXTA-like在表皮毛的形成、角质层生物合成、锥形表皮细胞的分化过程中起着重要的调节作用,其中植物表皮毛发育是一个研究热点。植物表皮毛有多种不同的功能:如叶片被毛是植物抵御取食昆虫的重要表型特征;法国梧桐、杨树、柳树飞絮都是种子成熟过程中表皮毛发育的结果;而黄花蒿中,青蒿素主要在腺毛中合成和储存。因此,开展植物表皮毛发育和调控机制研究具有重要意义。笔者梳理了MIXTA/MIXTA-like基因的特征及其在不同植物表皮细胞分化过程中的生物学功能,阐述了木本植物表皮毛发育调控的分子机制,为加速林木表皮毛发育相关性状的新品种培育提供借鉴。

关键词: 植物表皮细胞, 角质层, 锥形表皮细胞, 表皮毛, MIXTA/MIXTA-like基因

Abstract:

Plant epidermal cells are the outermost cells that directly interact with ambient conditions. According to their functional roles, epidermal cells differentiate into a variety of specialized cell structures, which participate in activities such as plant defense, evaporation reduction, pollinator attraction, seed dispersal, and the synthesis and storage of se-condary metabolites. MIXTA/MIXTA-like genes have been identified as key regulators of epidermal cell differentiation in many plants. These genes may function in different tissues (e.g., petals, leaves, ovules and ovaries) in different plants by regulating the differentiation of epidermal cells. They also play essential roles in trichome formation, cuticle biosynthesis, conical epidermal cell differentiation, and in initializing seed hair development. Among which, trichome development is a hot research topic because of its functional role. For instance, leaf indumentum is deemed as an important morphological feature in the defense against phytophagous insects, and seed hairs dispersed from poplars, willows and chinars are all differentiated from epidermal cells during seed maturation; whereas artemisinin is synthesized and stored in the glandular hairs of Artemisia annua. Here, we review and summarize the characteristics of MIXTA/MIXTA-like genes, as well as their biological functions in regulating epidermal cell differentiation. This paper provides essential information for facilitating studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying epidermal cell differentiation and for accelerating the breeding program of traits related to epidermal cell differentiation.

Key words: plant epidermal cells, cuticle, conical epidermal cell, trichome, MIXTA/MIXTA-like genes

中图分类号:

周芳伟,吴怀通,尹佟明. MIXTA/MIXTA-like基因特征及其对植物表皮细胞分化的调控[J]. 南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 45(4): 229-237.

ZHOU Fangwei, WU Huaitong, YIN Tongming. Characteristics of MIXTA/MIXTA-like genes and their functions in regulating plant epidermal cells differentiation[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2021, 45(4): 229-237.DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202102008.

图/表 2

图1

表1

MIXTA/MIXTA-like基因家族成员在不同植物中的功能研究"

基因名称gene name	物种species	功能function
AaMIXTA1	黄花蒿Artemisia annua	调节腺毛起始和角质层生物合成^[71]
AmMIXTA	金鱼草Antirrhinum majus	表皮细胞锥形化的正调节因子^[8]
AmMYBML1	金鱼草	调节表皮细胞锥形化和毛状体发育^[23]
AmMYBML2	金鱼草	调节表皮细胞锥形化和毛状体发育^[36]
AmMYBML3	金鱼草	调节表皮细胞锥形化^[10]
AtMYB16	拟南芥Arabidopsis thaliana	调节角质层和表皮蜡质的合成^[36]
AtMYB106	拟南芥	调节角质层和表皮蜡质合成^[69],负调控表皮毛分支^[38]
AtMYB17	拟南芥	与花分生组织发育相关,功能尚不明确^[82]
CsMYB6	黄瓜Cucumis sativus	调控表皮毛及果刺发育^[43]
DcMYBML1	鸽石斛Dendrobium crumenatum	调控毛状体发育^[69]
EgMIXTA1	洋桔梗Eustoma grandiflorum	参与调控表皮蜡合成^[40]
GhMYB25-like(GhMML3)	陆地棉Gossypium hirsuta	调控棉花短绒的起始发育^[79]
GhMML4	陆地棉	调控棉花长纤维的起始发育^[81]
GhMYB25(GhMML7)	陆地棉	与棉纤维起始发育相关^[77]
GhMML10	陆地棉	调控花瓣表皮毛发育,进而影响花蕾形状^[83]
LjMYB1	百脉根Lotus japonicus	参与调控表皮细胞锥形化^[84]
LjMYB2	百脉根 L. japonicus	参与调控表皮细胞锥形化^[84]
MlMYBML7	猴面花Mimulus lewisii	参与调控猴面花中的花蜜向导形成,同时还促进类胡萝卜素色素沉积^[39]
MgMIXTA-like8	多斑猴面花Mimulus guttatus	调控毛状体发育^[85]
MpSBG9	地钱Marchantia polymorpha	调控角质层生物合成^[42]
MtMYBML3	蒺藜苜蓿Medicago truncatula	调控毛状体发育^[69]
PhMYB1	矮牵牛Petunia hybrida	调控表皮细胞发育^[36]
PtrMYB186	毛果杨Populus trichocarpa	调控表皮毛发育^[86]
SlMIXTA-like	番茄Solanum lycopersicum	调控果实表皮锥形细胞发育,促进角质层生物合成^[41]
TtMYBML2	唐松草属Thalictrum	调控锥形表皮细胞形成^[46]

表1

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MIXTA/MIXTA-like基因特征及其对植物表皮细胞分化的调控

Characteristics of MIXTA/MIXTA-like genes and their functions in regulating plant epidermal cells differentiation

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