Effects of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil fertility and root functional traits in chestnut orchards

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202006056

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 84-92.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202006056

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Effects of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil fertility and root functional traits in chestnut orchards

LIAO Yining(), GUO Sujuan^*(), WANG Fangfang, MA Yali, LIU Yabin

Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation and Protection of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2020-06-30 Accepted:2021-01-20 Online:2021-09-30 Published:2021-09-30
Contact: GUO Sujuan E-mail:1518636332@qq.com;gwangzs@263.net

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Chestnut (Castanea mollissima) is a woody grain species widely cultivated in China. Given the quick-acting effect of inorganic fertilizer and the persistence of organic fertilizer, the combined application of organic-inorganic fertilizer can play an important role in fertilizing the soil and promoting root growth. Effects of organic and inorganic fertilizer application on soil fertility and root functional traits in a chestnut orchard were examined to provide a theoretical basis for scientific, reasonable fertilization in chestnut orchards.【Method】 Eight-year-old Castanea mollissima ‘Yanshanzaofeng’ in Qianxi County, Hebei Province, China, was used as the research object, and a single-factor randomized block group experiment design was adopted, with six treatments: 100% inorganic fertilizer (C₁), 75% inorganic fertilizer + 25% organic fertilizer (C_0.75O_0.25), 50% inorganic fertilizer + 50% organic fertilizer (C_0.5O_0.5), 25% inorganic fertilizer + 75% organic fertilizer (C_0.25O_0.75), 100% organic fertilizer (O₁), and no fertilization (CK). Soil samples and root samples of 0-20, ≥20-40 cm soil layers were collected by a continuous root drilling method, and the soil physical and chemical properties and root functional traits were measured and analyzed. 【Result】 The treatments affected the physical and chemical properties of the soil to varying degrees. The average organic carbon content of the 0-40 cm soil layer under O₁ treatment was the highest (5.97 g/kg), and the maximum value of total nitrogen content (1.33 g/kg) was found in the 0-20 cm soil layer under treatment C₁. The C_0.25O_0.75 treatment significantly improved the physical and chemical properties of the soil (P < 0.05). The average increase in soil C/N in the 0-40 cm soil layer was higher 38.81% than C₁ treatment and 11.41% than CK treatment, respectively. The average alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium contents increased by 57.48%, 47.49%, and 32.19% than CK treatment, respectively. The total soil porosity and soil moisture content increased by 11.23% and 13.85%, respectively. Soil bulk density decreased by 11.23% than CK treatment. The combined application of organic-inorganic fertilizer significantly increased the average length density of fine roots, surface density of fine roots, volume density of fine roots, specific root length, and fine roots of 0-1 mm in the 0-40 cm soil layer (P < 0.05). The overall performance was C_0.25O_0.75> C_0.5O_0.5> C_0.75O_0.25. In the 0-40 cm soil layer treated with C_0.25O_0.75, the average density of fine root biomass was the highest (511.24 g/m³), 35.42% higher than that of CK, and 6.00% higher than that of C₁. The ratio of fine root length, root surface area and root valume was significantly increased by applying high proporation of organic fertilizer. Principal component analysis showed that soil properties and root traits all had higher load values on the three principal components than other indicators, and the comprehensive sequence of soil nutrient status and root traits under different treatments was C_0.25O_0.75> C_0.5O_0.5> C_0.75O_0.25> O₁> C₁> CK.【Conclusion】 The organic-inorganic fertilizer combined application treatment (C_0.25O_0.75) effectively improved C/N and soil available nutrients, promoted an increase in 0-1 mm fine roots, and increased the proportion of absorbed roots. Which was a better choice for the fertilization mode of chestnut orchards in Qianxi County, Hebei Province than others.

Key words: chestnut(Castanea mollissima), organic fertilizer, soil physical and chemical properties, root functional traits

CLC Number:

S714

LIAO Yining, GUO Sujuan, WANG Fangfang, MA Yali, LIU Yabin. Effects of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil fertility and root functional traits in chestnut orchards[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2021, 45(5): 84-92.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1

Fig.1

Table 2

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Table 3

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土层深度/ cm soil thickness	pH	容重/ (g·cm^-3) soil bulk density	总孔隙度/ % soil total porosity	有机碳含量/ (g·kg^-1) organic carbon content	碱解氮含量/ (mg·kg^-1) alkaline nitrogen content	有效磷含量/ (mg·kg^-1) available phosphorus content	速效钾含量/ (mg·kg^-1) available potassium content	全氮含量/ (g·kg^-1) total nitrogen content	全磷含量/ (g·kg^-1) total phosphorus content	全钾含量/ (g·kg^-1) total potassium content
0~20	6.82	1.39	47.60	3.71	50.00	22.87	144.81	0.83	0.66	9.29
≥20~40	6.79	1.32	50.33	4.17	42.48	17.43	136.67	0.76	0.55	8.56

处理 treatment	容重/(g·cm^-3) soil bulk density		总孔隙度/% soil total porosity		含水率/% soil moisture content
处理 treatment	0~20 cm	≥20~40 cm	0~20 cm	≥20~40 cm	0~20 cm	≥20~40 cm
C₁	1.32±0.02 a	1.36±0.06 a	50.19±2.36 b	48.13±0.75 b	16.35±1.00 bc	17.53±0.56 cd
C_0.75O_0.25	1.26±0.04 b	1.30±0.01 ab	51.94±0.38 ab	50.98±1.57 ab	18.20±0.50 a	18.70±0.50 a
C_0.5O_0.5	1.25±0.02 b	1.27±0.02 ab	52.88±0.75 a	52.03±0.75 ab	17.03±0.81 bc	18.05±1.00 bc
C_0.25O_0.75	1.20±0.01 b	1.25±0.01 b	54.83±0.38 a	52.59±0.22 a	18.52±0.42 a	19.12±0.58 a
O₁	1.25±0.05 b	1.26±0.13 ab	52.95±4.72 a	52.46±1.00 ab	16.81±0.82 bc	17.82±0.13 cd
CK	1.37±0.03 a	1.39±0.06 a	49.31±2.18 b	48.43±1.09 b	16.04±0.30 bc	17.02±0.08 bcd

处理 treatment	PC1	PC2	PC3	总得分 total score	综合排名 total rank
C_0.25O_0.75	1.61	-0.05	-0.58	0.78	1
C_0.5O_0.5	0.65	0.11	0.19	0.43	2
C_0.75O_0.25	0.13	-0.23	0.58	0.15	3
O₁	-0.74	1.87	-0.08	-0.04	4
C₁	-0.62	-0.80	1.41	-0.22	5
CK	-1.02	-0.90	-1.52	-1.10	6

Effects of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil fertility and root functional traits in chestnut orchards

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[1]	WU Yan, HUANG Qing, LIU Xun, ZHENG Rui, CEN Jiabao, DING Bo, ZHANG Yunlin, FU Yuhong. Effects of Pinus massoniana plantation age on soil physical and chemical properties in Karst areas in southwest China [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2024, 48(3): 99-107.
[2]	FAN Xiaoyun, GUO Sujuan, LI Yanhua, JIANG Xibing. Study on correlation between browning degree of chestnut fruit and total phenols and flavonoids [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2023, 47(6): 159-166.
[3]	LI Huizhi, GUAN Qingwei, ZHAO Jiahao, LI Junjie, WANG Lei, LI Fengfeng, ZUO Xingping, CHEN Bin. Effects of topography on the soil fertility quality in Quercus acutissima plantation [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2022, 46(5): 161-168.
[4]	FAN Zhixin, WANG Genmei, ZHANG Huanchao, CHEN Jie. Effects of organic fertilizer addition on dissolved organic carbon in coastal saline soils [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2022, 46(1): 15-24.
[5]	WANG Aibin, SONG Huifang, ZHANG Liuyang, ZHANG Ming, YANG Shiwen, ZHANG Lingyun. Effects of bio-organic and microbial fertilizers on growth and soil nutrients of Vaccinium spp. seedlings [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2020, 44(6): 63-70.
[6]	LI Yuanyuan, XU Ziqian, XU Hanmei, CHEN Yueqin, RUAN Honghua. Review of the effect of fertilizer application on the soil fauna in soil ecosystems [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2018, 42(05): 179-184.
[7]	SHU Zhengyue, WANG Jingyan, GONG Wei, LYU Xiangnan, YAN Siyu, CAI Yu, ZHAO Changping. Effects of compound management in citrus orchard on soil micro-aggregate fractal features and soil physical and chemical properties [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2017, 41(05): 92-98.
[8]	CHEN Yongzhong,WANG Yujuan, WANG Xiangnan,WANG Rui,PENG Shaofeng,YANG Xiaohu,MA Li,YANG Yang. Effects of interplantation on soil physical and growth ofCamellia oleifera young forest [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2011, 35(05): 117-120.
[9]	LIU Guanglu, FAN Shaohui, GUAN Fengying, DU Manyi, HUANG Yongnan. Soil environmental characteristics of different types of Phyllostachys pubescens forests with intensive cultivation in northwest of Fujian province [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2010, 34(05): 17-22.
[10]	WANG Limin, CHEN Jinlin, LIANG Zhenhai, Chen Feiran, WANG Lina, ZHAO Hao, XUE Dan. Effects of jute straw and organic fertilizer on the biological properties of the coastal saline soil [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2010, 34(01): 39-42.
[11]	LI Dong-lin1,2, HAN li1, RUAN Hong-hua1, ZHANG Ji-lin2. Analysis of soil physical and chemical properties of riparian zone along Qinhuai River [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2008, 32(04): 17-22.