Nematocidal activity of extracts of Alternanthera philoxeroides and Cayratia japonica against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

JIANG Yi, CHEN Fengmao

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4) : 45-52.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）
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JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4) : 45-52. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202009032

Nematocidal activity of extracts of Alternanthera philoxeroides and Cayratia japonica against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

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【Objective】The pine wilt disease is the most serious forest disease in China. Despite considerable investment in manpower, material and financial resources, the prevention and control situation of the pine wilt disease continues to be a serious issue. Due to the limitations of the large-scale application of chemical nematicides, developing high efficiency botanical nematicides to control the pine wilt disease epidemic will be of great importance. 【Method】 The extracts of 30 plants including Alternanthera philoxeroides, Cayratia japonica and Rosmarinus officinalis were prepared using the ethanol impregnation method; their poisonous activity to the pine wilt disease was then determined. Petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water were used to extract the active ingredients from two plants via the liquid-liquid extraction method. The concentrations of the solutions were 10.000, 5.000, 2.500, 1.250 and 0.625 g/L, respectively, and insecticidal activities against pine wood nematodes (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) were determined. The egg suspension was cultured in a constant temperature and moisture incubator at 25 ℃, and observation began after 24 h and ended after 32 h. Microscopic examination was used to count the number of nematode eggs, and the corresponding cumulative hatching and hatching inhibition rates of nematode eggs were calculated. 【Result】 (1) The pine wood nematode was treated with ethanol extracts of A. philoxeroides and C. japonica at a mass concentration of 10 g/L; after 72 h, the corrected mortality of nematodes was 100%. (2) The ethyl acetate extract of A. philoxeroides and the aqueous extract of C. japonica were the key nematocidal substances. The Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50) of pine wood nematodes was 0.588 8 and 0.969 3 g/L after 72 h of the treatment. (3) The in vitro egg incubation test demonstrated that the extract from A. philoxeroides in ethyl acetate exhibited the greatest rate of nematode incubation inhibition of 79.77%, followed by the aqueous extract from C. japonica which had an incubation inhibition rate of 46.51%. 【Conclusion】 A. philoxeroides and C. japonica demonstrated the strong inhibitory biological activity for nematode adults and eggs, which may be developed and utilized as new nematicides for plants.

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Alternanthera philoxeroides / Cayratia japonica / extract / Bursaphelenchus xylophilus / toxic activity

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JIANG Yi , CHEN Fengmao. Nematocidal activity of extracts of Alternanthera philoxeroides and Cayratia japonica against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2022, 46(4): 45-52 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202009032

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