Seasonal variation characteristics of soil quality in Zijin Mountain under the disturbance of trample

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.2020110005

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 185-193.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.2020110005

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Seasonal variation characteristics of soil quality in Zijin Mountain under the disturbance of trample

LIU Qianqian¹(), PENG Xiaonan¹, LIU Xin¹, WANG Shutian¹, DAI Kanglong², XU Haibin², DONG Li’na², ZHANG Jinchi¹^,^*()

1. Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing 210037, China
2. The Administration Bureau of Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Mausoleum, Nanjing 210014, China

Received:2020-11-23 Accepted:2021-04-15 Online:2022-05-30 Published:2022-06-10
Contact: ZHANG Jinchi E-mail:lqq77@njfu.edu.cn;zhangjc8811@gmail.com

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 This research aims to explore the characteristics of soil quality change in Zijin Mountain National Urban Forest Park under trampling disturbance and study the influence of seasonal changes on soil quality under the same trampling disturbance conditions. 【Method】This study took Nanjing Zijin Mountain National Urban Forest Park as the research object. Eight tourist roads with a width of 3 m were randomly selected; a 7 m × 1 m soil collection sample strip was set vertically on each tourist trail, and soil was collected from each strip. Three 1 m × 1 m soil sampling points were set up on the transect. The first, second and third sampling points were respectively 1 m, 3 m and 7 m away from the center of the road as the active area, buffer zone and background area, respectively. The soil was collected over four seasons to determine the seasonal changes in soil physical and chemical properties and soil enzymes under different trampling disturbance intensities on the tourist roads. A factor analysis method was used to calculate the variance contribution rates of the principal components, and the coefficients of each index in the linear combination of the principal components were weighted and averaged to determine the weight and law of soil quality changes. 【Result】 In the background area, buffer zone and active area, the bulk density was higher in spring and autumn and lower in summer and winter. The maximum moisture content and porosity of the soil in summer and winter were higher than those in spring and autumn. The pH were higher in summer and winter, and lower in spring and autumn. The organic matter content in spring was significantly lower than that in summer, autumn and winter, and the content of available phosphorus was the highest in summer and lowest in spring. Soil enzyme activity in summer was higher than that in spring, autumn and winter. In the background area, the soil quality in spring was lower than that in summer, autumn and winter. Under different degrees of trampling disturbance, the soil quality in summer and winter was higher than that in spring and autumn. With increasing intensity of trampling disturbance, soil bulk density and pH showed an upward trend in the four seasons. However, maximum moisture content, capillary porosity, biochemical indicators and enzyme activity all showed a downward trend in the four seasons. Structural equilibrium equation model (SEM) analysis showed that soil physical and chemical characteristics and soil enzyme activity were significantly correlated with soil quality. 【Conclusion】 The study showed that soil total nitrogen content, available phosphorus content, maximum moisture content, and enzyme activity are more weighted; that is, they make a greater contribution to changes in soil quality under different seasons and intensities of trampling and can be used as the soil comprehensive quality evaluation index of Zijin Mountain National Urban Forest Park. Seasonal changes have significant effects on soil physical and chemical properties and soil enzymes with the same intensity of trampling disturbance.

Key words: physical and chemical properties of soil, enzyme activity, trampling, seasonal changes, Zijin Mountain National Urban Forest Park

CLC Number:

S158

LIU Qianqian, PENG Xiaonan, LIU Xin, WANG Shutian, DAI Kanglong, XU Haibin, DONG Li’na, ZHANG Jinchi. Seasonal variation characteristics of soil quality in Zijin Mountain under the disturbance of trample[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2022, 46(3): 185-193.

Figures/Tables 6

Table 1

Fig.1

Table 2

Fig.2

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踩踏干扰强度 trampling intensity	季节 season	土壤容重/ (g·cm^-3) soil density	最大持水量/ (g·kg^-1) maximum moisture content	毛管持水量/ (g·kg^-1) capillary moisture content	毛管孔隙度/% capillary porosity	非毛管孔隙度/% no capillary porosity
弱(背景区) weak (background area)	春	1.40±0.03 Ba	239.88±13.00 Ab	182.00±4.50 Ab	26.63±2.24 Ac	6.65±2.59 Aa
	夏	1.36±0.03 Ba	269.06±24.14 Aa	224.50±36.25 Aab	31.32±6.8 Ab	8.46±3.01 Aa
	秋	1.41±0.02 Ba	233.94±12.93 Ab	180.86±4.83 Ab	26.94±5.05 Ac	7.63±2.55 Aa
	冬	1.39±0.02 Ba	272.65±28.65 Aa	250.00±30.08 Aa	36.06±4.44 Aa	3.34±2.28 Ab
中(缓冲区) medium (buffer area)	春	1.58±0.04 Aa	185.15±14.30 Bb	149.01±6.85 Bc	24.18±2.77 Ac	6.33±3.06 ABa
	夏	1.53±0.07 Aa	235.28±20.33 ABa	185.60±12.31 ABb	29.68±4.52 ABb	8.08±3.71 Aa
	秋	1.58±0.03 Aa	189.09±7.36 Bb	145.21±11.57 Bc	24.16±7.05 Ac	7.34±2.8 Aa
	冬	1.46±0.03 Aa	252.07±17.79 Ba	238.08±28.17 Aa	35.64±3.93 Aa	3.03±1.7 Ab
强(活动区) strong (activity area)	春	1.65±0.02 Aa	173.46±4.11 Bc	134.90±10.35Cb	24.22±3.5 Abc	5.64±2.11 Bc
	夏	1.60±0.04 Aa	204.67±4.92 Cb	158.33±13.91 Bb	26.31±3.16 Bb	7.71±1.96 Aa
	秋	1.63±0.03 Aa	174.54±6.89 Bc	134.30±14.61 Bb	22.79±3.79 Ac	6.86±3.22 Abc
	冬	1.51±0.05 Ab	247.04±17.34 Ba	232.68±24.52 Aa	36.22±3.34 Aa	2.53±1.74 Ad
双因素方差分析 two-factor analysis	季节	0.005	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
	踩踏干扰强度	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.008	0.296
	季节×踩踏干扰强度	0.593	0.038	0.063	0.460	0.240

踩踏干扰强度 trampling intensity	季节 season	pH	有机质含量/ (g·kg^-1) organic matter content	全氮含量/ (g·kg^-1) total nitrogen	速效磷含量/ (mg·kg^-1) available phosphorus content
弱(背景区) weak (background area)	春	4.89±0.05 Bb	44.11±1.85 Aa	3.67±0.49 Aa	9.66±1.32 Ab
	夏	4.98±0.02 Ba	46.48±1.49 Aa	3.88±0.38 Aa	12.20±0.64 Aa
	秋	4.94±0.05 Bab	46.33±1.39 Aa	3.98±0.41 Aa	10.29±1.42 Aab
	冬	4.95±0.03 Bab	44.81±3.47 Aa	3.55±0.28 Aa	11.88±0.36 Aa
中(缓冲区) medium (buffer area)	春	5.10±0.04 ABb	29.43±2.37 Bb	2.33±0.12 Bc	5.58±0.91 Bc
	夏	5.38±0.11 ABa	37.50±2.66 Ba	2.78±0.11 Ba	8.12±0.51 Ba
	秋	5.10±0.07 ABb	35.13±4.52 Ba	2.61±0.13 Bab	6.21±0.97 Bbc
	冬	5.24±0.10 ABab	37.08±0.76 Ba	2.51±0.14 Bbc	7.42±0.39 Bab
强(活动区) strong (activity area)	春	5.36±0.14 Aa	25.39±1.83 Cb	1.99±0.15 Bb	5.42±0.49 Bb
	夏	5.47±0.14 Aa	33.55±1.05 Ba	2.29±0.15 Ca	6.93±0.14 Ca
	秋	5.35±0.12 Aa	33.89±1.90 Ba	2.12±0.16 Cab	5.75±0.65 Bb
	冬	5.42±0.10 Aa	33.45±1.92 Ca	2.09±0.09 Cab	6.82±0.14 Ca
双因素方差分析 two-factor analysis	季节	0.001	<0.001	0.034	<0.001
	踩踏干扰强度	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
	季节×踩踏干扰强度	0.338	0.053	0.827	0.892

Seasonal variation characteristics of soil quality in Zijin Mountain under the disturbance of trample

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