【Objective】This study analyzed the composition and distribution pattern of the main environmental factors affecting Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) broad-leaved mixed forests and broad-leaved Chinese fir mixed forests in the non-commercial forests of Zhejiang Province. Our results could provide a practical scientific basis for the transformation of Chinese fir broad-leaved mixed forests and the protection of rare species in subtropical areas. This study is of great significance for improving the quality of non-commercial ecological forests of Zhejiang Province. 【Method】In this study, two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) were used to analyze the species composition and community structure of 427 plots of Zhejiang Province. 【Result】The Chinese fir broad-leaved mixed forest could be divided into five clusters, and the broad-leaved Chinese fir mixed forest could be divided into six clusters. Among the five clusters of Chinese fir broad-leaved mixed forests, the tree species associated with Chinese fir were mainly Quercus glauca, Schima superba, Pinus massoniana, and Pinus taiwaneasis, and the main environmental factors were soil thickness, slope aspects, and slopes which affected the distribution of the mixed forest of Chinese fir broad-leaved forests. Among the six types of communities in the broad-leaved Chinese fir forests, the tree species associated with Chinese fir were P. massoniana, Castanea mollissima, Q. glauca, S. superba, and P. edulis, and the main environmental factors were forest age, slopes, and altitudes which affected the distribution of the broad-leaved Chinese fir mixed forest communities. In the mixed Chinese fir broad-leaved forests, rare species such as Cyclobalanopsis myrsinifolia, Machilus thunbergii, Liriodendron chinense, Castanopsis eyrei, and Betula luminifera tended to occur in the habitats more suited to Chinese fir. In addition, the environmental selection characteristics of rare broad-leaved species such as Cryptomeria; aponica, Castanopsis sclerophylla, and Q. glauca are close to that of Chinese fir. 【Conclusion】 Selecting the associated rare broad-leaved tree species whose habitat was close to that of Chinese fir for replanting, may effectively improve the survival rate of afforestation and promote the process of succession of Chinese fir plantations.