Variation and cluster analysis on the main economic characters and nutrients of fruit from Carya cathayensis and C. dabieshanensis fine trees

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202012044

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 131-137.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202012044

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Variation and cluster analysis on the main economic characters and nutrients of fruit from Carya cathayensis and C. dabieshanensis fine trees

JI Linlin¹(), CHEN Suchuan¹^,^*(), WU Zhihui², CHANG Jun³, TAO Rupeng², ZHOU Misheng¹, CAI Xinling¹

1. Anhui Academy of Forestry, Hefei 230031,China
2. Forestry Bureau of Ningguo City, Ningguo 242300,China
3. Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400,China

Received:2020-12-02 Accepted:2021-06-02 Online:2022-01-30 Published:2022-02-09
Contact: CHEN Suchuan E-mail:xum1984@163.com;Chengsuch@yeah.net

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 In this study, the main economic characteristics and contents of the main nutrients of fruit from 22 fine trees of Carya cathayensis were compared and a correlation analysis was made on the above indicators in order to provide a scientific basis of purposeful fine seed breeding as well as its development and utilization. 【Method】 Seven main economic characteristics and the contents of six main nutrients of fruit from 22 fine trees of C. cathayensis were compared and analyzed and a correlation analysis was made on the above indicators. 【Result】 There were highly significant differences in the fresh fruit masses, the nut masses, the dry nut masses, the dry masses, the fresh seed rate, the dry seed rate and the dry kernel rate. Of all these fine trees, there were highly significant differences in the contents of crude fat, protein and the main fatty acid. According to the results of correlation analysis, the fresh fruit masses had an extremely significant positive correlation with the nut masses, the dry nut masses, the dry masses and the dry kernel rate. The contents of the crude fat had a significant positive correlation with the oleic acid content and a significant negative correlation with the linoleic acid. The result of the principal component analysis demonstrates the nut masses, the dry nut masses and the oleic acid content. Based on the results of cluster analysis, the 22 fine trees were divided into five groups including Hule No. 1 tree, Guoziyuan No. 1 tree and Guoziyuan No. 3 tree, which were individually clustered into one type; other excellent samples of C. cathayensis and C. dabieshanensis were also classified as one type. 【Conclusion】 The nut mass, dry nut mass and oleic acid content were very important for providing a scientific basis for fine seed breeding as genetic resources were very abundant in all these fine trees and there were highly significant differences in their economic characteristics and nutrients as well as their development and utilization. According to the results of cluster analysis, there are differences between C. cathayensis from Ningguo City and C. dabieshanensis from Dabieshan Mountain.

Key words: Carya cathayensis, C. dabieshanensis, fine trees, economic characters, nutrients, cluster analysis

CLC Number:

S722

JI Linlin, CHEN Suchuan, WU Zhihui, CHANG Jun, TAO Rupeng, ZHOU Misheng, CAI Xinling. Variation and cluster analysis on the main economic characters and nutrients of fruit from Carya cathayensis and C. dabieshanensis fine trees[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2022, 46(1): 131-137.

Figures/Tables 6

Table 1

Variance analysis and multiple comparison on the main economic characters of fruit among Carya cathayensis and C. dabieshanensis fine trees"

优株 fine trees	青果单果质量/g single fruit mass	坚果鲜质量/g single nut mass	坚果干质量/g single dried mass	干仁单仁质量/g single dry kernel mass	鲜出籽率/% fresh seed yield rate	干出籽率/% dry seed yield rate	干出仁率/% rate of dried kernel
南极1号 Nanji1	13.61±2.10 HIJ	4.40±0.52 HI	3.35±0.40 G	1.48±0.33 F	32.98±3.32 GH	25.18±2.62 GH	41.95±7.30 DE
南极2号 Nanji2	15.03±0.90 FG	4.46±0.39 H	3.41±0.32 G	1.54±0.31 EF	30.14±1.76 I	23.02±1.68 I	43.80±7.50 BCDE
南极3号 Nanji3	13.63±1.03 HIJ	4.52±0.45 H	3.43±0.32 FG	1.56±0.25 EF	34.04±2.88 G	25.91±2.05 G	43.72±6.81 BCDE
南极14号 Nanji14	13.31±1.27 IJ	4.35±0.33 HI	3.38±0.27 G	1.58±0.20 EF	33.21±3.10 GH	25.90±3.01 G	46.51±5.40 ABC
南极15号 Nanji15	13.34±1.09 IJ	4.40±0.48 HI	3.30±0.42 G	1.43±0.40 FG	33.86±2.34 GH	25.40±2.05 G	41.23±9.75 EF
甲路1号 Jialu1	12.59±1.51 GH	4.34±0.47 I	3.20±0.43 G	1.11±0.31 GH	35.98±3.06 J	26.88±3.63 I	32.60±7.43 F
甲路2号 Jialu2	14.60±2.04 J	4.06±0.69 HI	3.19±0.36 G	1.22±0.30 H	27.92±2.94 F	22.46±3.77 FG	37.45±7.22 G
万家2号 Wanjia2	17.46±1.01 BC	5.33±0.44 E	3.97±0.32 E	1.93±0.27 CD	30.77±1.88 I	22.91±1.73 I	47.59±5.24 ABC
胡乐1号 Hule1	21.08±1.62 A	6.35±0.58 D	4.56±0.46 D	1.99±0.45 C	30.30±2.25 I	21.91±1.84 IJ	41.76±8.30 DEF
胡乐2号 Hule2	18.36±1.40 B	4.96±0.51 EFG	3.72±0.43 EF	1.68±0.35 DEF	27.43±2.28 J	20.55±1.95 J	43.77±5.84 BCDE
云梯1号 Yunti1	16.66±1.18 CDE	4.66±0.41 FGH	3.72±0.42 EF	1.66±0.40 EF	28.06±2.08 J	23.38±2.94 HI	43.22±7.17 CDE
云梯2号 Yunti2	13.53±1.24 HIJ	4.61±0.55 GH	3.49±0.42 FG	1.50±0.34 F	32.01±2.56 HI	26.16±2.03 FG	41.33±7.16 EF
仙霞2号 Xianxia2	16.66±0.92 CDE	5.01±0.33 EF	3.80±0.27 E	1.79±0.25 CDE	30.68±1.43 I	23.25±1.13 I	46.64±4.71 ABC
果子园1号Guoziyuan1	17.63±1.26 BC	6.80±0.80 C	5.12± 0.59 ABC	2.34±0.31 B	40.85±3.77 DE	30.83±3.23 E	44.96±7.35 ABCDE
果子园3号 Guoziyuan3	20.60±1.66 A	7.53±0.87 A	5.37± 0.65 A	2.62± 0.31A	39.01±3.36 E	27.74±3.61 F	46.56±8.53 ABC
金寨15号 Jinzhai15	16.17±4.30 DE	6.93±0.83 BC	5.16± 0.56 AB	2.47± 0.20 AB	45.27±4.63 B	33.41±2.45 CD	46.87±4.14 ABC
金寨16号 Jinzhai16	15.85±1.84 DEF	6.80±0.74 C	4.84± 0.54 CD	2.34± 0.25 B	43.39±3.81 BC	30.73±2.48 E	46.13±5.83 ABCD
金寨18号 Jinzhai18	16.94 ±1.58 CD	7.23±0.73 AB	5.41± 0.63 A	2.64±0.33 A	42.76±2.55 C	31.94±2.41 DE	48.63±3.57 A
金寨19号 Jinzhai19	13.94± 1.19 GHI	6.58±0.48 CD	4.86± 0.43 BCD	2.44± 0.20 AB	47.69±2.27 A	35.18±2.41 BC	49.13±5.55 A
金寨61号 Jinzhai61	14.16 ±1.51 GHI	6.87±0.35 BC	4.99± 0.56 BC	2.44± 0.40 AB	48.41±1.99 A	35.34±1.93 B	47.85±5.85 AB
金寨62号 Jinzhai62	15.78±1.35 EF	6.65±0.67 CD	4.82± 0.47 CD	2.30± 0.45 B	42.23±2.42 CD	30.58±1.91 E	46.01±5.92 ABCD
金寨63号 Jinzhai63	13.97±1.49 GHI	6.63±0.68 CD	5.12± 0.55 ABC	2.41± 0.30 AB	48.84±3.22 A	38.34±5.24 A	45.88±7.35 ABCD
F	58.809^**	125.692^**	94.795^**	46.464^**	191.623^**	101.898^**	9.949^**

Table 1

Table 2

Variance analysis and multiple comparison on the main nutrient contents of kernel among C. cathayensis and C. dabieshanensis fine trees"

优株 fine trees	粗脂肪含量/ (mg·g^-1) crude fatcontent	蛋白质含量/ (mg·g^-1) protein content	粗脂肪中主要组分质量占比/% main fatty acid content in crude fat
优株 fine trees	粗脂肪含量/ (mg·g^-1) crude fatcontent	蛋白质含量/ (mg·g^-1) protein content	硬脂酸 stearic acid	油酸 oleic acid	亚油酸 linoleic acid	亚麻酸 linolenic acid
南极1号 Nanji1	67.93±1.25 A	7.95±0.27 CDE	1.94±0.19 CDE	68.80±1.90 FGH	22.20±2.90 CDE	0.408±0.006 CD
南极2号 Nanji2	65.57±0.75 ABCDE	7.68±0.17 EFG	2.14±0.09 ABC	69.00±1.00 EFGH	21.00±1.40 EF	0.337±0.006 JKL
南极3号 Nanji3	67.40±0.90 ABC	7.78±0.04 DEFG	2.04±0.12 BCD	72.23±0.95A	19.13±1.25FG	0.375±0.007EFG
南极14号 Nanji14	65.43±1.35 ABCDE	8.38±0.06 AB	2.16±0.11 ABC	69.50±1.90 C	21.43±1.15 DEF	0.330±0.005 KL
南极15号 Nanji15	65.07±0.85 BCDE	8.06±0.08 CD	2.37±0.12 A	69.10±0.70 CD	21.00±1.40 EF	0.338±0.006 JKL
甲路1号 Jialu1	62.00±1.20 F	6.74±0.05 IJ	2.37±0.07 A	63.40±0.80 I	26.00±0.80 A	0.372±0.010 FGH
甲路2号 Jialu2	66.20±0.90 ABCD	6.48±0.06 JK	2.36±0.07 A	69.87±1.35 CDEFG	20.00±1.60 EFG	0.348±0.008 IJK
万家2号 Wanjia2	66.13±0.95 ABCD	8.12±0.07 BC	2.29±0.03 A	71.23±0.95 CDEF	19.53±0.65 FG	0.788±0.004 A
胡乐1号 Hule1	67.40±1.20 ABC	6.79±0.05 I	1.70±0.06 FGH	72.90±1.60 CD	16.77±1.15 H	0.327±0.009 L
胡乐2号 Hule2	65.93±1.15 ABCDE	7.84±0.09 DEF	1.81±0.12 DEF	73.13±2.05 C	18.20±0.80 GH	0.338±0.011 JKL
云梯1号 Yunti1	66.20±1.40 ABCD	7.87±0.11 CDEF	2.30±0.10 A	66.20±0.90 HI	24.00±1.00 ABC	0.289±0.014 M
云梯2号 Yunti2	64.70±1.10 CDEF	8.38±0.19 AB	2.31±0.15 A	64.53±1.15 I	25.40±0.80 AB	0.335±0.013 JKL
仙霞2号 Xianxia2	64.83±1.75 BCDE	8.37±0.07 AB	2.17±0.09 ABC	66.77±1.95 GHI	23.43±1.25 BCD	0.335±0.012 JKL
果子园1 Guoziyuan1	67.53±0.65 AB	6.42±0.20 K	1.97±0.18 CDE	81.00±0.40 AB	10.40±0.17 JK	0.503±0.021 B
果子园3 Guoziyuan3	68.13±0.95 A	6.68±0.12 IJK	2.26±0.08 AB	82.00±0.50 A	9.16±0.23 K	0.410±0.010 C
金寨15号 Jinzhai15	66.27±1.55 ABC	7.76±0.18 EFG	1.43±0.09 I	80.27±2.05 AB	11.40±0.10 IJK	0.280±0.010 M
金寨16号 Jinzhai16	63.43±2.35 DEF	8.46±0.09 A	1.67±0.12 FGHI	69.80±2.70 CDEFG	20.03±0.15 EFG	0.360±0.010 GHI
金寨18号 Jinzhai18	66.13±0.95 ABCD	7.22±0.11 H	1.48±0.08 HI	78.57±1.65 B	12.60±0.10 IJ	0.280±0.010 M
金寨19号 Jinzhai19	65.77±1.65 ABCDE	7.52±0.14 G	1.54±0.15 GHI	77.63±1.95 B	13.60±0.10 I	0.353±0.015 HIJ
金寨61号 Jinzhai61	63.33±1.35 EF	7.82±0.17 DEF	1.73±0.09 EFG	71.87±1.95 CDEF	18.20±0.10 GH	0.350±0.010 IJK
金寨62号 Jinzhai62	64.77±1.15 BCDEF	7.60±0.11 FG	1.62±0.10 FGHI	79.03±2.25 AB	11.70±0.20 IJ	0.390±0.010 DE
金寨63号 Jinzhai63	65.53±1.15 ABCDE	6.64±0.14 IJK	1.74±0.07 EFG	80.20±0.60 AB	10.40±0.10 JK	0.387±0.015 EF
F	4.390^**	81.002^**	26.811^**	39.478^**	74.113^**	459.754^**

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

Fig.1

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指标 index	SFM	SNM	SDNM	SDKM	FSYR	DSYR	RDK
SFM	1.000
SNM	0.558^**	1.000
SDNM	0.587^**	0.964^**	1.000
SDKM	0.477^**	0.916^**	0.939^**	1.000
FSYR	-0.108	0.688^**	0.650^**	0.662^**	1.0000
DSYR	-0.151	0.620^**	0.617^**	0.638^**	0.973^**	1.000
RDK	0.438^**	0.647^**	0.694^**	0.776^**	0.572^**	0.571^**	1.000

营养成分 nutrient content	粗脂肪 crude fat	蛋白质 protein	硬脂酸 stearic acid	油酸 oleic acid	亚油酸 linoleic acid	亚麻酸 linolenic acid
粗脂肪 crude fat	1.000
蛋白质 protein	-0.200	1.000
硬脂酸 stearic acid	0.052	0.065	1.000
油酸 oleic acid	0.461^**	-0.441^**	-0.550^**	1.000
亚油酸 linoleic acid	-0.286^*	0.520^**	0.619^**	-0.933^**	1.000
亚麻酸 linolenic acid	0.147	-0.021	0.250^*	0.099	-0.073	1.000

指标 index	主成分PC
指标 index	1	2	3
青果单果质量 single fruit mass	0.307	-0.742	-0.104
坚果鲜质量 single nut mass	0.949	-0.019	-0.083
坚果干质量 single dry nut mass	0.932	-0.181	0.033
干仁单仁质量 single dry kernel mass	0.874	0.153	0.162
鲜出籽率 fresh seed yield rate	0.691	0.617	0.004
干出籽率 dry seed yield rate	0.694	0.613	0.081
干出仁率 rate of dried kernel	0.411	0.486	0.477
粗脂肪 crude fat	0.243	-0.692	0.292
蛋白质 protein	-0.339	0.608	0.176
硬脂酸 stearic acid	-0.673	-0.175	0.408
油酸 oleic acid	0.890	-0.309	0.033
亚油酸 linoleic acid	-0.902	0.274	0.064
亚麻酸 linolenic acid	-0.029	-0.259	0.858
特征根 latent root	5.981	2.718	1.308
贡献率/% contribution rate	46.055	20.907	10.031

Variation and cluster analysis on the main economic characters and nutrients of fruit from Carya cathayensis and C. dabieshanensis fine trees

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