Spatial-temporal evolution and correlation analyses of ecosystem service values and landscape ecological risks in Anhui section of the Yangtze River basin

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202108033

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 31-40.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202108033

Special Issue: 长江大保护视域下的长江中游自然保护地及景观生态研究

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Spatial-temporal evolution and correlation analyses of ecosystem service values and landscape ecological risks in Anhui section of the Yangtze River basin

JIA Yanyan¹(), TANG Xiaolan²^,^*(), REN Yujie²

1. Forestry College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
2. College of Landscape Architecture, Academy of Chinese Ecological Progress and Forestry Development Studies, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2021-08-19 Accepted:2021-12-13 Online:2022-05-30 Published:2022-06-10
Contact: TANG Xiaolan E-mail:jiayanyan1011@163.com;398887917@qq.com

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The comprehensive application of ecosystem service values and landscape ecological risk assessments can provide better decision support for the sustainable development of the Anhui section of the Yangtze River basin. Moreover, it can provide a reference for ecological environment management and protection in the trans-river region. 【Method】Based on land use data from Anhui Province in 1995, 2005 and 2015, ecosystem service value assessment, landscape ecological risk assessment and bivariate spatial autocorrelation were used to analyze spatiotemporal changes in ecological service values and ecological risks and their correlation characteristics in the Anhui section. 【Result】(1) From 1995 to 2015, the total ecosystem service values in the study area showed a decreasing trend, with a decreasing rate of 0.54%. The study area was dominated by medium-high and medium levels of ecological service values, which were mainly distributed along the Yangtze River, Dabie Mountain area, and southern Anhui Mountain area. (2) Over the past 20 years, the ecological risk of the Anhui section showed an overall increasing trend, and the ecological risk level was mainly medium, medium-low and low. In terms of spatial distribution, the medium-high and high-risk areas were mainly distributed along the Yangtze River and Chaohu Lake region and tended to expand from a concentrated distribution to a continuous distribution. (3) There was a positive spatial correlation between ecosystem service value per unit area and ecological risk in Anhui Province, and the main relationship was a high value-high risk correlation. In other words, the regions with high ecological service value were also those with relatively fragile ecological environments, which should receive special attention. 【Conclusion】It is necessary to focus on the protection of wetlands and forest and grass landscapes, strengthen the ecological protection of wetlands along the Yangtze River and Chaohu Lake, and protect and restore the natural forest and grass landscape in Dabie Mountain and the southern Anhui mountains. This approach would help improve the ecosystem service function of the Anhui section and protect the ecological environment of the Yangtze River.

Key words: ecosystem service value(ESV), ecological risk, spatio-temporal correlation, Anhui section of the Yangtze River basin

CLC Number:

X171
S759.9

JIA Yanyan, TANG Xiaolan, REN Yujie. Spatial-temporal evolution and correlation analyses of ecosystem service values and landscape ecological risks in Anhui section of the Yangtze River basin[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2022, 46(3): 31-40.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig.1

Fig.2

Table 1

Table 2

Calculation methods of landscape indices"

名称 name
景观破碎度指数(C_i) landscape fragmentation index	$C i = n i / A i$	反映景观破碎化程度,其值越大,景观单元内部稳定性越低,对应的生态风险越大^[22]	n_i为景观类型i的斑块数;A_i为景观类型i的总面积。A为景观总面积。Q_i=斑块i出现的网格数/总网格数;M_i=斑块i的数量/斑块总数;L_i=斑块i的面积/样方总面积。a、b、c为相应各景观指数的权重,a+b+c=1,根据研究区情况和相关研究成果^[25],对以上3个权重分别赋值0.5、0.3和0.2。参考相关研究^[25-26],并结合研究区景观类型特点,给景观类型脆弱度赋值:6=裸地,5=湿地,4=耕地,3=草地,2=林地,1=建设用地;归一化后得到各类型脆弱度指数F_i,分别为0.285 7、0.238 1、0.190 5、0.142 9、0.095 2、0.047 6
景观分离度指数(N_i) landscape isolation index	$N i = A 2 A i n i A$	反映斑块分布的分离程度,其值越大,斑块分布越分散,破碎化程度越高,生态系统稳定性越低,生态风险越大^[22]
景观优势度指数(D_i) landscape dominance index	$D i = (Q i + M i) / 4 + L i / 2$	衡量斑块在景观中的重要地位,其值越大,斑块对景观格局形成和变化的影响越大,对应的生态风险则越大^[25]
景观干扰度指数(S_i) landscape disturbance index	$S i = a C i + b N i + c D i$	反映不同景观所代表的生态系统受到干扰的程度,主要是人类活动
景观脆弱度指数(F_i) landscape vulnerability index	由专家打分归一化获得	表示不同景观类型对外界干扰的敏感性,其值越大,生态风险越大^[25]
景观损失度指数(R_i) landscape loss index	$R i = S i × F i$	衡量外界干扰造成的生态系统损失^[26]

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Fig.3

Table 5

Fig.4

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生态系统服务类型 ecosystem service function		耕地 cultivated land	林地 forest land	草地 grass land	湿地 wetland	裸地 bare land
供给服务 provisioning services	食物生产 food production	2 270.19	227.02	681.06	454.04	22.70
	原料生产 raw material	227.02	5 902.50	113.51	90.81	0.00
调节服务 regulating services	气体调节 gas regulation	1 135.10	7 945.68	1 816.15	2 043.17	0.00
	气候调节 climate reservation	2 020.47	6 129.52	2 043.17	19 932.30	0.00
	水源涵养 water conservation	1 362.12	7 264.62	1 816.15	40 727.27	68.11
	废物处理 waste treatment	3 723.12	2 973.95	2 973.95	41 272.11	22.70
支持服务 supporting services	土壤保持 soil conversation	3 314.48	8 853.75	4 426.88	1 952.37	45.40
	生物多样性保护 biodiversity conservation	1 611.84	7 400.83	2 474.51	5 675.48	771.87
文化服务 cultural service	美学景观 aesthetic landscape	22.70	2 905.85	90.81	11 237.46	22.70
合计 total		15 687.04	49 603.72	16 436.20	123 385.01	953.48

景观类型 landscape type	1995		2005		2015
景观类型 landscape type	面积/km² area	占比/%proportion	面积/km² area	占比/%proportion	面积/km² area	占比/%proportion
耕地 cultivated land	31 664.81	47.56	31 221.78	46.90	30 455.00	45.74
林地 forest land	22 354.74	33.58	22 355.84	33.58	22 304.50	33.50
草地 grass land	4 975.00	7.47	4 961.85	7.45	4 960.02	7.45
湿地 wetland	4 688.91	7.04	4 742.21	7.12	4 765.99	7.16
建设用地 construction land	2 889.23	4.34	3 291.01	4.94	4 073.65	6.12
裸地 bare land	4.25	0.01	4.25	0.01	17.78	0.03

项目 item				各年份ESV/×10⁶元 ESV in each year			变化率/% change rate
项目 item				1995	2005	2015	1995—2005	2005—2015	1995—2015
景观类型 landscape type		耕地 cultivated land		49 672.70	48 977.72	47 774.86	-1.40	-2.46	-3.82
		林地 forest land		110 887.85	110 893.30	110 638.61	0.00	-0.23	-0.22
		草地 grass land		8 177.01	8 155.39	8 152.39	-0.26	-0.04	-0.30
		湿地 wetland		57 854.06	58 511.78	58 805.16	1.14	0.50	1.64
		裸地 bare land		0.41	0.41	1.70	0.00	318.00	318.00
		总体情况 general		226 592.03	226 538.60	225 372.72	-0.02	-0.51	-0.54
生态系统服务类型 types of ecosystem services	供给服务 provisioning		食物生产food production	8 247.75	8 148.72	7 974.47	-1.20	-2.14	-3.31
			原料生产raw materials	14 012.80	14 003.72	13 956.20	-0.06	-0.34	-0.40
	调节服务 regulating		气体调节gas regulation	23 218.18	23 177.27	23 053.96	-0.18	-0.53	-0.71
			气候调节climate reservation	30 462.72	30 477.44	30 338.07	0.05	-0.46	-0.41
			水源涵养water conservation	40 553.18	40 708.34	40 663.20	0.38	-0.11	0.27
			废物处理waste treatment	39 269.03	39 320.51	39 117.38	0.13	-0.52	-0.39
	支持服务 supporting		土壤保持soil conversation	33 405.42	33 264.14	32 968.42	-0.42	-0.89	-1.31
			生物多样性保护 biodiversity conservation	25 540.79	25 497.20	25 349.69	-0.17	-0.58	-0.75
	文化服务 cultural		美学景观aesthetic landscape	11 882.16	11 941.26	11 951.33	0.50	0.08	0.58
	总体情况 general			226 592.03	226 538.60	225 372.72	-0.02	-0.51	-0.54

项目 item	等级 grades	面积占比/% area proportion			变化率/% change rate
项目 item	等级 grades	1995	2005	2015	1995—2005	2005—2015	1995—2015
生态系统服务价值 ESV	低 low ESV	20.91	20.96	21.96	0.25	4.78	5.04
	较低medium-low ESV	14.49	14.39	14.05	-0.68	-2.36	-3.03
	中medium ESV	27.57	27.53	27.31	-0.15	-0.83	-0.97
	较高 medium-high ESV	33.20	33.23	32.77	0.08	-1.37	-1.29
	高 high ESV	3.83	3.89	3.91	1.59	0.54	2.14
生态风险指数 ERI	低 low ERI	28.41	26.88	23.46	-5.37	-12.73	-17.41
	较低 medium-low ERI	33.43	27.86	26.67	-16.65	-4.27	-20.22
	中 medium ERI	24.37	25.39	29.69	4.20	16.92	21.84
	较高 medium-high ERI	10.38	14.64	13.84	41.04	-5.48	33.32
	高 high ERI	3.42	5.23	6.34	52.98	21.37	85.67

Spatial-temporal evolution and correlation analyses of ecosystem service values and landscape ecological risks in Anhui section of the Yangtze River basin

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[2]	YU Ying, MENG Jinghui, SONG Zengming, XU Lu. Construction of ecological network in Xinfeng based on MCR model and landscape connectivity [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2023, 47(4): 226-234.
[3]	MA Yingyi, LIU Zhifeng. Assessment of landscape ecological risk and its dynamic response with urbanization development of Jiangsu Province [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2021, 45(5): 185-194.
[4]	TANG Xiaolan, BAO Wenyuan, JIA Yanyan, LIU Debao. Study on ancient village and town landscape ecological risk in Taihu Scenic Area [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2018, 42(02): 105-112.
[5]	HAN Huiqing, LUO Xuqiang, CAI Guangpeng. Spatio-temporal changes of garden land from 2000 to 2010 in mountainous city and their effects on ecosystem service value [J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2017, 41(01): 103-108.