JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 31-40.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202108033
Special Issue: 长江大保护视域下的长江中游自然保护地及景观生态研究
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JIA Yanyan1(), TANG Xiaolan2,*(
), REN Yujie2
Received:
2021-08-19
Accepted:
2021-12-13
Online:
2022-05-30
Published:
2022-06-10
Contact:
TANG Xiaolan
E-mail:jiayanyan1011@163.com;398887917@qq.com
CLC Number:
JIA Yanyan, TANG Xiaolan, REN Yujie. Spatial-temporal evolution and correlation analyses of ecosystem service values and landscape ecological risks in Anhui section of the Yangtze River basin[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2022, 46(3): 31-40.
Table 1
"
生态系统服务类型 ecosystem service function | 耕地 cultivated land | 林地 forest land | 草地 grass land | 湿地 wetland | 裸地 bare land | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
供给服务 provisioning services | 食物生产 food production | 2 270.19 | 227.02 | 681.06 | 454.04 | 22.70 |
原料生产 raw material | 227.02 | 5 902.50 | 113.51 | 90.81 | 0.00 | |
调节服务 regulating services | 气体调节 gas regulation | 1 135.10 | 7 945.68 | 1 816.15 | 2 043.17 | 0.00 |
气候调节 climate reservation | 2 020.47 | 6 129.52 | 2 043.17 | 19 932.30 | 0.00 | |
水源涵养 water conservation | 1 362.12 | 7 264.62 | 1 816.15 | 40 727.27 | 68.11 | |
废物处理 waste treatment | 3 723.12 | 2 973.95 | 2 973.95 | 41 272.11 | 22.70 | |
支持服务 supporting services | 土壤保持 soil conversation | 3 314.48 | 8 853.75 | 4 426.88 | 1 952.37 | 45.40 |
生物多样性保护 biodiversity conservation | 1 611.84 | 7 400.83 | 2 474.51 | 5 675.48 | 771.87 | |
文化服务 cultural service | 美学景观 aesthetic landscape | 22.70 | 2 905.85 | 90.81 | 11 237.46 | 22.70 |
合计 total | 15 687.04 | 49 603.72 | 16 436.20 | 123 385.01 | 953.48 |
Table 2
Calculation methods of landscape indices"
名称 name | 计算公式 formula | 生态意义 ecological significance | 备注note | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
景观破碎度指数(Ci) landscape fragmentation index | | 反映景观破碎化程度,其值越大,景观单元内部稳定性越低,对应的生态风险越大[ | ni为景观类型i的斑块数;Ai为景观类型i的总面积。A为景观总面积。Qi=斑块i出现的网格数/总网格数;Mi=斑块i的数量/斑块总数;Li=斑块i的面积/样方总面积。a、b、c为相应各景观指数的权重,a+b+c=1,根据研究区情况和相关研究成果[ 参考相关研究[ | |||
景观分离度指数(Ni) landscape isolation index | | 反映斑块分布的分离程度,其值越大,斑块分布越分散,破碎化程度越高,生态系统稳定性越低,生态风险越大[ | ||||
景观优势度指数(Di) landscape dominance index | | 衡量斑块在景观中的重要地位,其值越大,斑块对景观格局形成和变化的影响越大,对应的生态风险则越大[ | ||||
景观干扰度指数(Si) landscape disturbance index | | 反映不同景观所代表的生态系统受到干扰的程度,主要是人类活动 | ||||
景观脆弱度指数(Fi) landscape vulnerability index | 由专家打分归一化获得 | 表示不同景观类型对外界干扰的敏感性,其值越大,生态风险越大[ | ||||
景观损失度指数(Ri) landscape loss index | | 衡量外界干扰造成的生态系统损失[ |
Table 3
The area and proportion of each landscape type in the study area from 1995 to 2015"
景观类型 landscape type | 1995 | 2005 | 2015 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
面积/km2 area | 占比/%proportion | 面积/km2 area | 占比/%proportion | 面积/km2 area | 占比/%proportion | ||||||||
耕地 cultivated land | 31 664.81 | 47.56 | 31 221.78 | 46.90 | 30 455.00 | 45.74 | |||||||
林地 forest land | 22 354.74 | 33.58 | 22 355.84 | 33.58 | 22 304.50 | 33.50 | |||||||
草地 grass land | 4 975.00 | 7.47 | 4 961.85 | 7.45 | 4 960.02 | 7.45 | |||||||
湿地 wetland | 4 688.91 | 7.04 | 4 742.21 | 7.12 | 4 765.99 | 7.16 | |||||||
建设用地 construction land | 2 889.23 | 4.34 | 3 291.01 | 4.94 | 4 073.65 | 6.12 | |||||||
裸地 bare land | 4.25 | 0.01 | 4.25 | 0.01 | 17.78 | 0.03 |
Table 4
ESV of different landscape types,various service functions and changes of Anhui section from 1995 to 2015"
项目 item | 各年份ESV/×106元 ESV in each year | 变化率/% change rate | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1995 | 2005 | 2015 | 1995—2005 | 2005—2015 | 1995—2015 | ||||
景观类型 landscape type | 耕地 cultivated land | 49 672.70 | 48 977.72 | 47 774.86 | -1.40 | -2.46 | -3.82 | ||
林地 forest land | 110 887.85 | 110 893.30 | 110 638.61 | 0.00 | -0.23 | -0.22 | |||
草地 grass land | 8 177.01 | 8 155.39 | 8 152.39 | -0.26 | -0.04 | -0.30 | |||
湿地 wetland | 57 854.06 | 58 511.78 | 58 805.16 | 1.14 | 0.50 | 1.64 | |||
裸地 bare land | 0.41 | 0.41 | 1.70 | 0.00 | 318.00 | 318.00 | |||
总体情况 general | 226 592.03 | 226 538.60 | 225 372.72 | -0.02 | -0.51 | -0.54 | |||
生态系统 服务类型 types of ecosystem services | 供给服务 provisioning | 食物生产food production | 8 247.75 | 8 148.72 | 7 974.47 | -1.20 | -2.14 | -3.31 | |
原料生产raw materials | 14 012.80 | 14 003.72 | 13 956.20 | -0.06 | -0.34 | -0.40 | |||
调节服务 regulating | 气体调节gas regulation | 23 218.18 | 23 177.27 | 23 053.96 | -0.18 | -0.53 | -0.71 | ||
气候调节climate reservation | 30 462.72 | 30 477.44 | 30 338.07 | 0.05 | -0.46 | -0.41 | |||
水源涵养water conservation | 40 553.18 | 40 708.34 | 40 663.20 | 0.38 | -0.11 | 0.27 | |||
废物处理waste treatment | 39 269.03 | 39 320.51 | 39 117.38 | 0.13 | -0.52 | -0.39 | |||
支持服务 supporting | 土壤保持soil conversation | 33 405.42 | 33 264.14 | 32 968.42 | -0.42 | -0.89 | -1.31 | ||
生物多样性保护 biodiversity conservation | 25 540.79 | 25 497.20 | 25 349.69 | -0.17 | -0.58 | -0.75 | |||
文化服务 cultural | 美学景观aesthetic landscape | 11 882.16 | 11 941.26 | 11 951.33 | 0.50 | 0.08 | 0.58 | ||
总体情况 general | 226 592.03 | 226 538.60 | 225 372.72 | -0.02 | -0.51 | -0.54 |
Table 5
The area proportion and change of ESV per unit area and landscape ecological risk index (ERI) at different levels of the study area from 1995 to 2015"
项目 item | 等级 grades | 面积占比/% area proportion | 变化率/% change rate | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1995 | 2005 | 2015 | 1995—2005 | 2005—2015 | 1995—2015 | ||
生态系统 服务价值 ESV | 低 low ESV | 20.91 | 20.96 | 21.96 | 0.25 | 4.78 | 5.04 |
较低medium-low ESV | 14.49 | 14.39 | 14.05 | -0.68 | -2.36 | -3.03 | |
中medium ESV | 27.57 | 27.53 | 27.31 | -0.15 | -0.83 | -0.97 | |
较高 medium-high ESV | 33.20 | 33.23 | 32.77 | 0.08 | -1.37 | -1.29 | |
高 high ESV | 3.83 | 3.89 | 3.91 | 1.59 | 0.54 | 2.14 | |
生态风险 指数 ERI | 低 low ERI | 28.41 | 26.88 | 23.46 | -5.37 | -12.73 | -17.41 |
较低 medium-low ERI | 33.43 | 27.86 | 26.67 | -16.65 | -4.27 | -20.22 | |
中 medium ERI | 24.37 | 25.39 | 29.69 | 4.20 | 16.92 | 21.84 | |
较高 medium-high ERI | 10.38 | 14.64 | 13.84 | 41.04 | -5.48 | 33.32 | |
高 high ERI | 3.42 | 5.23 | 6.34 | 52.98 | 21.37 | 85.67 |
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