JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 81-88.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202109025

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Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilization on the physiological characteristics of Chaenomeles speciosa ‘Changshouguan’ after processing of warming in the post floral stage

LIANG Wenchao1(), BU Xing1, LUO Siqian1, XIE Yinfeng1,*(), ZHANG Wangxiang1, HU Jialin2   

  1. 1. Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
    2. Beijing Municipal Administration of Rivers and Lakes,Beijing 100089,China
  • Received:2021-09-12 Revised:2021-11-08 Online:2022-09-30 Published:2022-10-19
  • Contact: XIE Yinfeng E-mail:liangwenchao77@163.com;xxyyff@njfu.edu.cn

Abstract:

【Objective】 The physiological characteristics of Chaenomeles speciosa ‘Changshouguan’ were investigated under nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (N, P and K) compound fertilization to provide a theoretical basis for its rejuvenation cultivation after warming and promotion of flowering. 【Method】 In this study, a quadratic regression orthogonal fertilization experiment design was adopted using five-year-old grafted seedlings of ‘Changshouguan’, along with N, P, K factors. The root fertilization experiment of ‘Changshouuan’ was performed two months after flowering in the same year, and soluble sugar and protein, endogenous hormone, and protective enzyme activities were determined in the plant leaves. 【Results】 (1) Compared with the control, the soluble sugar and protein concentrations in leaves under combined N, P and K fertilizer treatments increased significantly (P<0.05), and the concentrations in leaves under treatment 3 (N3P3K2) were 40.60% and 25.89% higher than those in the control, respectively. (2) The POD and SOD activities in leaves increased, whereas the MDA content decreased when different proportions of N, P and K compound fertilization were applied. Treatments 2 and 3 (N3P2K1 and N3P3K2) were more effective than control (P<0.05). (3) The combined application of N, P and K fertilizer had a significant effect on the endogenous hormone concentrations (ABA, IAA, GA3 and ZR) of ‘Changshouguan’. Although appropriate fertilization increased the contents of IAA, GA3 and ZR in leaves, it decreased the ABA content. The ratio of total IAA, GA3 and ZR contents to that of ABA in treatment groups increased by varying degrees. Correlation analysis revealed that the concentrations of IAA, GA3 and ZR were correlated positively with those of soluble sugar and protein and the activities of POD and SOD in leaves, whereas negatively with those of MDA. The correlation between ABA and the physiological characteristics of leaves was opposite to that between ABA and other hormones. (4) Anova indicated that N was the most important factor affecting leaf physiological characteristics among the three fertilizer factors. Multiple comparative analyses exhibited that the N level had significant effects on all physiological indexes, while P and K had varyingly significant effects on them. Comprehensive analysis of subordinate function revealed that the best combination of N, P and K fertilizer for improving leaf physiological function was N3P3K2 treatment, that is, 1.2 g N, 0.3 g P, and 0.4 g K per plant. 【Conclusion】 Appropriate N, P, K compound fertilization can effectively improve the nutritional function and the antioxidant capacity of ‘Changshouguan’ leaves after warming and flowering promotion, which may be related to the regulation of endogenous hormones.

Key words: Chaenomeles speciosa ‘Changshouguan’, N、P、K compound fertilization, physiological function, endogenous hormone, comprehensive evaluation

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