JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4): 1-12.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202111029

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Phytoremediation mechanisms of air formaldehyde pollution

XIONG Yanfei(), CHEN Yuefeng, MAO Zhiqiang, CAO Xinghong, YE Yuhan, ZHANG Jiankun()   

  1. School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
  • Received:2021-11-16 Revised:2022-03-24 Online:2023-07-30 Published:2023-07-20

Abstract:

Phytoremediation is the most energy-saving, environmentally friendly, and effective method for the air formaldehyde removal based on the physiological and metabolic characteristics and environmental adaptability of plants. The formaldehyde removal efficiencies of many indoor ornamental plants and some small wild plants, crops and genetically modified plants have been investigated. Plant formaldehyde scavenging involves three stages: absorption, transport and metabolism. Formaldehyde is absorbed by plants mainly through the leaves (stomata, guard cells, and leaf surface cuticle diffusion) and root hair. Most of the formaldehyde absorbed by plants was metabolized in tissue cells at the absorption site, and a small portion is transported to the rhizosphere or from the roots to the leaves. Formaldehyde is metabolized primarily through the Calvin cycle, C1 metabolism and glyoxylate pathway. Different metabolic pathways have distinct roles and characteristics. Based on this, the following suggestions are proposed:(1) Development of plant species with a strong formaldehyde-scavenging ability. (2) Exploring new ways for plants to metabolize formaldehyde. (3) It is necessary to make a profound study on the effects of formaldehyde metabolisms on normal photosynthesis and biomass production in plants.

Key words: air formaldehyde pollution, phytoremediation, removal mechanism, Calvin cycle, C1 metabolism

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