Organic materials effects on black soil aggregate stability based on the Le Bissonnais method

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202201023

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4): 191-199.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202201023

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Organic materials effects on black soil aggregate stability based on the Le Bissonnais method

WANG Miaomiao(), WANG Enheng(), HAN Mingzhao, LI Yongjiang, YU Supu

College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China

Received:2022-01-15 Revised:2022-06-06 Online:2023-07-30 Published:2023-07-20

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The black soil region of northeast China is an important commercial grain production base in China, however, long-term traditional mechanical production has destroyed the soil structure and decreased aggregate stability, intensifying soil erosion and degradation. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of exogenous organic materials on the aggregate stability of farmland black soil and provide a basis for the restoration of eroded and degraded black soil.【Method】A constant temperature-humidity culture experiment was conducted by adding three kinds of exogenous organic materials (straw, biochar and swine manure) with different content gradients (small, actual returning and large amounts) to black soil cultivated for 60 years in northeast China, and the constant mass-supplementation water method was used in a 25 ℃ incubator for 180 days. Soil aggregate distributions and stability differences caused by three aggregate disintegration mechanisms [fast wetting (FW), slow wetting (SW) and wet stirring (WS)] were compared using the Le Bissonnais method for different types and amounts of organic materials. FW, SW and WS based on the Le Bissonnais method, were adopted to simulate the field environmental conditions of rainstorms, heavy and light rain, and runoff, respectively.【Result】(1) The three disintegration mechanisms of adding small, actual returning and large amounts of biochar, straw and swine manure could significantly improve soil aggregate stability by increasing large aggregate proportion, improving the average weight diameter (MWD) and reducing the percentage of aggregate destruction (PAD); however, improvement efficiency differed: for FW, adding biochar in small amounts and straw in actual returning and large amounts was the best; for SW, adding swine manure in small amounts and straw in actual returning and large amounts was the best; for WS, adding swine manure in any amount was always the best.(2) Exogenous organic materials cannot change the aggregate disintegration mechanisms; FW disintegration was the predominant mechanism, followed by the mechanical disintegration of WS, and SW mechanical disintegration characterized by clay expansion had the least destructive effect on aggregates.【Conclusion】During the field environmental conditions of rainstorms or heavy as well as light rain, runoff, biochar, straw and swine manure can improve soil aggregate stability and anti-erodibility to different degrees, effectively restoring degraded black soil. Considering the natural conditions and material capitalized costs, swine manure was most appropriate for black soil restoration.

Key words: black soil, soil aggregate, mean mass diameter, percentage of aggregate destruction, organic material

CLC Number:

S157.3
S718

WANG Miaomiao, WANG Enheng, HAN Mingzhao, LI Yongjiang, YU Supu. Organic materials effects on black soil aggregate stability based on the Le Bissonnais method[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2023, 47(4): 191-199.

Figures/Tables 6

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Table 2

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References 40

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种类 type	添加处理 treatment	用量/g experimental dosage	占土壤质量百分比/% percentage of soil	田间施用量/ (kg·hm^-2) field application per hectare
秸秆(S) straw	少量(50%)	2.73	0.273	6 000
	实际还田量(100%)	5.45	0.545	12 000
	大量(200%)	10.90	1.090	24 000
生物炭(B) biochar	少量(50%)	2.09	0.209	4 602
	实际还田量(100%)	4.18	0.418	9 204
	大量(200%)	8.36	0.836	18 408
猪粪肥(M) swine manure	少量(50%)	3.55	0.355	7 817
	实际还田量(100%)	7.10	0.710	15 633
	大量(200%)	14.20	1.420	31 266

有机物料种类 organic materials type	有机物料添加量/% content gradients	湿润处理后团聚体平均质量直径/mm aggregate mean mass diameter after wetting treatment
有机物料种类 organic materials type	有机物料添加量/% content gradients	快速湿润 fast wetting	慢速湿润 slow wetting	预湿润后振动 wet stirring
生物炭 biochar	50	0.423±0.013 Aa^*	0.775±0.039 Bb	0.633±0.031 Ab^*
	100	0.407±0.016 Ab	0.829±0.077 Aa^*	0.684±0.021 Bb^*
	200	0.431±0.013 Bb^*	0.831±0.041 Ab^*	0.697±0.024 Ba^*
秸秆 straw	50	0.396±0.016 Cb^*	0.755±0.086 Cb	0.634±0.026 Bb^*
	100	0.459±0.024 Ba^*	0.855±0.057 Ba^*	0.647±0.036 Bc^*
	200	0.490±0.015 Aa^*	0.992±0.118 Aa^*	0.719±0.045 Aa^*
猪粪肥 swine manure	50	0.419±0.016 Aa^*	0.906±0.078 Aa^*	0.717±0.039 Aa^*
	100	0.441±0.108 Aab^*	0.849±0.056 Ba^*	0.721±0.035 Aa^*
	200	0.430±0.012 Ab^*	0.814±0.064 Bb^*	0.705±0.040 Aa^*
	CK	0.373±0.017	0.730±0.104	0.601±0.023

Organic materials effects on black soil aggregate stability based on the Le Bissonnais method

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