Spatial differentiation of soil properties in hilly red soil region under water erosion

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202204052

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 77-84.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202204052

Special Issue: 山水林田湖草一体化保护和生态修复——土壤侵蚀修复研究

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Spatial differentiation of soil properties in hilly red soil region under water erosion

ZHANG Xiang¹(), DING Mingming², LIN Jie¹^,^*(), LI Zhuoyuan¹, CUI Linlin¹, GUO Geng¹, YANG Hao¹

1. College of Forestry and Grassland, College of Soil and Water Conservation, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037,China
2. Nanjing Water Affairs Bureau, Nanjing 210036,China

Received:2022-04-21 Revised:2022-06-17 Online:2023-11-30 Published:2023-11-23

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】This study aims to reveale the law of soil quality variation caused by water erosion provides scientific data support for soil erosion control and low-efficiency forest transformation in hilly red soil region of southern china.【Method】The small watershed of Qingyuan Mountain in Ji ’an City, Jiangxi Province was selected as a typical area of red soil hilly area in southern China. According to the typicality and representativeness, the small watershed was divided into slope positions, and three sections were set up to collect soil repeatedly. The composition of soil aggregates was analyzed, and the correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between various indicators in the process of water erosion.【Result】Water erosion changed the spatial distribution pattern of bulk density and soil porosity, resulting in weaker soil anti-erodibility in erosion area and less influence in deposition area, which accelerated the occurrence of soil erosion. Soil bulk density increased after long-term erosion. Compared with other slope positions, soil bulk density at slope toe increased significantly by 0.16 g/cm³ (P < 0.05), while saturated water holding capacity and capillary porosity decreased significantly (P < 0.05). After water erosion, the composition of soil texture also changed, soil sand content increased significantly, clay and silt content decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The water erosion process had different effects on soil nutrients at different slope positions. The soil total nitrogen, available phosphorus, organic carbon content and carbon-nitrogen ratio decreased on the upper, middle and lower slopes, and the content on the slope decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with other slope positions, the nutrient content at the toe of the slope increased, and the available phosphorus increased significantly by 39.31% (P < 0.05). After water erosion, the mass fraction (R_0.25), mean mass diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) of water-stable aggregates at different slope positions showed a decreasing trend, and the change at the foot of the slope was not obvious, and the stability of soil structure was the highest.【Conclusion】The ecosystem of red soil hilly area in southern China is fragile. Long-term water erosion can reduce the stability of red soil aggregates. The water erosion process causes spatial differentiation of soil physical and chemical properties in erosion-deposition sites. Vegetation coverage and litter thickness are the main environmental factors.

Key words: soil erosion, water erosion, physicochemical properties, aggregates, spatial differentiation, red soil hilly area in southern China

CLC Number:

S714.2

ZHANG Xiang, DING Mingming, LIN Jie, LI Zhuoyuan, CUI Linlin, GUO Geng, YANG Hao. Spatial differentiation of soil properties in hilly red soil region under water erosion[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2023, 47(6): 77-84.

Figures/Tables 7

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References 30

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取样地点(代号) sampling site (code)	海拔/m altitude	平均坡度/ (°) mean slope	枯落物厚度/cm litter thickness	植被覆盖度/% forest and grass coverage	¹³⁷Cs含量/ (Bq·m^-2) ¹³⁷Cs content	土壤侵蚀模数/ (t·km^-2·a^-1) soil erosion modulu	区划 sectional division
坡上upper slope(US)	132.61	3.75	2.4	30.79	4 288.21	-3 440.15	沉积区
坡中middle slope(MS)	107.47	30.96	1.4	26.96	824.57	2 591.18	侵蚀区
坡下down slope(DS)	78.52	12.78	1.8	25.53	1 149.66	887.52	侵蚀区
坡脚toe slope(TS)	65.09	28.28	2.1	16.72	845.02	3 166.87	侵蚀区

取样地点 sampling site	组别 group	容重/ (g·cm^-3) BD	c(砂粒)/%	c(粉粒)/%	c(黏粒)/%	饱和持水量/% WHC	毛管孔隙度/% CAP
坡上 US	侵蚀前	1.26±0.10 a	12.98±0.70 a	77.56±0.33 a	9.46±1.03 a	36.26±1.00 a	34.89±1.07 a
	侵蚀后	1.27±0.07 a	35.58±0.32 b	63.30±0.36 b	1.12±0.11 b	19.48±0.51 b	31.92±0.59b
坡中 MS	侵蚀前	0.97±0.09 a	13.29±1.55 a	80.20±0.86 a	6.51±0.69 a	39.29±1.14 a	36.56±0.65 a
	侵蚀后	0.99±0.06 a	51.17±0.38 b	46.86±0.33 b	1.97±0.06 b	24.96±2.09 b	29.17±1.76 b
坡下 DS	侵蚀前	1.41±0.02 a	14.58±7.47 a	77.41±5.99 a	8.01±1.49 a	32.81±0.11 a	37.5±0.64 a
	侵蚀后	1.43±0.11 a	53.04±0.97 b	44.79±1.03 b	2.14±0.03 b	23.46±2.08 b	34.21±0.70 b
坡脚 TS	侵蚀前	0.91±0.02 a	3.98±0.04 a	91.51±0.51 a	4.51±0.47 a	71.09±4.96 a	57.37±2.48 a
	侵蚀后	1.07±0.06 b	51.37±0.70 b	46.75±0.70 b	1.88±0.05 b	40.56±2.05 b	43.48±1.41 b

取样地点 sampling site	R_0.25/%		平均质量直径/mm MWD		几何平均直径/mm GMD
取样地点 sampling site	CK	T	CK	T	CK	T
坡上US	86.34±0.51 a	81.93±0.73 b	1.57±0.01 a	1.42±0.01 b	0.62±0.01 a	0.56±0.01 b
坡中MS	67.47±5.61 a	61.36±1.23 a	1.13±0.12 a	0.97±0.01 a	0.34±0.08 a	0.31±0.01 a
坡下DS	80.55±4.80 a	62.42±1.14 b	1.45±0.11 a	0.97±0.01 b	0.53±0.08 a	0.29±0.01 b
坡脚TS	64.23±2.30 a	63.84±0.85 a	1.09±0.01 a	1.11±0.01 a	0.32±0.02 a	0.32±0.01 a

Spatial differentiation of soil properties in hilly red soil region under water erosion

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