Ecological renovation design of urban parks in subtropical regions based on mosquito prevention and control

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202206029

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 211-218.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202206029

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Ecological renovation design of urban parks in subtropical regions based on mosquito prevention and control

YANG Yunfeng(), YANG Jiaqi

College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2022-06-19 Revised:2023-01-13 Online:2023-11-30 Published:2023-11-23

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aims to analyze the relationship between mosquito problem and landscape factors, meteorological factors in urban parks, and then summarize mosquito prevention and control strategies during ecological renovation of urban parks. 【Method】 From August to September 2021, 65 sampling points were selected within the tourist activity range of the lovers’ garden in Xuanwu Lake Park of Nanjing City, the mosquito density at each point was measured respectively, and the correlation between the mosquito density and landscape factors and meteorological factors was analyzed. 【Result】 There was a strong positive correlation between mosquito density and tree coverage, plant density at vertical height of 0.2-1.8 m and relatively humidity, and a strong negative correlation between mosquito density and hard pavement rate and wind speed in the study area. Shrub coverage, herb coverage, vegetation coverage, water ratio, whether it is a natural revetment, aquatic plant coverage, average height and temperature of aquatic plants have a small impact on mosquito density. 【Conclusion】The ecological improvement of water, soil and vegetation is the foundation of controlling mosquitoes. When designing and transforming urban parks, the following four design principles are proposed: (1)Optimize the layout of green spaces oriented towards mosquito prevention and control, and set up ecological conservation areas and buffer zones. (2) In the planting design of the park, the proportion of mosquito repellent plants and coniferous trees can be appropriately increased in the tourist gathering area, and the planting of shrubs can be reduced in the space with a vertical height of 0.2-1.8 m.(3) Strengthen the management of the water body of the park, and the water body planning follows the “big and concentrated”.(4) Improve park infrastructure, such as building permeable rainwater wells to reduce rainwater accumulation to avoid mosquitoes, and setting up mosquito control facilities.

Key words: urban park, mosquito prevention and control, ecological renovation, mosquito repellent plant, subtropical region

CLC Number:

TU986

YANG Yunfeng, YANG Jiaqi. Ecological renovation design of urban parks in subtropical regions based on mosquito prevention and control[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2023, 47(6): 211-218.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Fig. 2

References 31

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景观因子landscape factor	定义define
乔木覆盖率(C_乔木)/%	乔木垂直投影面积在样点面积中占比
灌木覆盖率(C_灌木)/%	灌木垂直投影面积在样点面积中占比
草本覆盖率(C_草本)/%	草本垂直投影面积在样点面积中占比
垂直高度0.2~1.8 m植被覆盖率(C _h)/%	垂直高度0.2~1.8 m植被垂直投影面积在样点面积中占比
植被总覆盖率(C_总)/%	所有植被垂直投影面积在样点面积中占比
硬质铺装率(C_铺装)/%	硬质场地面积在样点面积中占比
水体比例(C_水体)/%	水体面积在样点面积中占比
是否为自然驳岸(NR)	是=100%,否=0
水生植物覆盖率(C_水生植物)/%	水生植物垂直投影面积在样点面积中占比
水生植物平均高度(H_水生植物)/m	各水生植物高度与其面积之积的总和,除以水生植物总面积

Ecological renovation design of urban parks in subtropical regions based on mosquito prevention and control

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取样点 site No.	C_乔木/%	C_灌木/%	C_草本/%	C_h/%	C_总/%	C_铺装/%	D_蚊/ (只·m^-2)	取样点 site No.	C_乔木/%	C_灌木/%	C_草本/%	C_h/%	C_总/%	C_铺装/%	D_蚊/ (只·m^-2)
1	60	0	70	70	80	0	0.10	29	30	70	20	80	85	10	0.19
2	60	0	80	80	85	10	0.18	30	80	0	0	10	80	10	0.17
3	30	90	20	90	100	0	0.10	31	80	20	60	80	90	10	0.59
4	80	70	80	80	90	10	0.11	32	70	30	60	80	80	20	0.48
5	60	50	0	60	70	10	0.18	33	0	0	80	80	80	10	0.31
6	80	0	10	20	80	10	0.14	34	80	20	80	90	90	10	0.50
7	0	30	100	100	100	0	0.13	35	90	0	30	40	90	70	0.20
8	0	80	20	85	100	0	0.08	36	80	0	80	90	90	20	0.37
9	0	50	40	90	90	0	0.09	37	90	10	70	80	90	20	0.48
10	20	0	100	0	100	10	0.08	38	80	30	80	90	90	10	0.61
11	30	0	40	40	50	60	0.19	39	70	0	70	80	80	30	0.28
12	30	70	0	90	90	0	0.25	40	70	10	60	70	80	20	0.34
13	20	10	80	100	100	0	0.24	41	40	50	10	60	80	10	0.18
14	90	0	70	80	90	0	0.37	42	20	10	70	90	80	0	0.38
15	30	0	0	30	30	70	0.14	43	0	20	80	30	85	20	0.14
16	90	0	10	60	90	90	0.36	44	70	0	80	70	80	10	0.43
17	60	0	30	50	65	10	0.25	45	50	0	70	70	80	20	0.39
18	40	80	30	90	90	0	0.33	46	30	0	30	10	30	30	0.14
19	30	60	0	65	75	20	0.20	47	30	40	10	40	50	30	0.29
20	60	0	30	40	70	10	0.17	48	20	50	30	70	70	20	0.52
21	80	40	30	75	90	10	0.34	49	40	30	60	70	70	10	0.65
22	30	60	20	70	80	20	0.19	50	30	50	20	70	70	10	0.53
23	40	0	0	20	40	30	0.17	51	60	50	30	90	90	10	0.87
24	80	0	40	20	80	20	0.19	52	20	60	50	60	70	20	0.37
25	60	20	50	70	80	0	0.38	53	80	30	10	40	80	20	0.59
26	70	40	50	85	95	0	0.31	54	40	40	20	50	60	20	0.51
27	80	0	90	90	90	10	0.39	55	40	20	20	40	50	50	0.24
28	60	0	90	95	95	10	0.34	R	0.333^*	0.023	0.147	0.340^*	0.084	-0.055

取样点 site No.	C_乔木/%	C_灌木/%	C_草本/%	C_h/%	C_总/%	C_铺装/%	C_水体/%	NR/%	C_水生植物/%	H_水生植物/m	D_蚊/ (只·m^-2)
56	0	0	20	20	20	30	40	0	30	0.7	0.06
57	20	70	40	80	80	0	30	100	10	0.2	0.23
58	90	0	20	40	100	0	50	0	100	1.5	0.18
59	10	40	20	50	60	10	40	100	50	0.8	0.24
60	50	0	30	30	50	20	40	0	80	1.3	0.27
61	90	50	20	65	90	20	20	0	0	0	0.23
62	0	0	40	10	40	30	30	0	60	1.2	0.15
63	60	50	40	70	50	10	60	100	90	2.5	0.52
64	40	0	20	20	40	30	40	0	0	0	0.19
65	50	40	30	55	45	10	50	0	0	0	0.43
R	0.367	0.538	0.453	0.596^*	0.035	-0.425	0.585^*	0.413	0.133	0.334

实验日 experimental day	蚊平均数量/只 average number of mosquitoes	风速/级 wind velocity	平均温度/℃ mean temperature	相对湿度/% relative humidity	实验日 experimental day	蚊平均数量/只 average number of mosquitoes	风速/级 wind velocity	平均温度/℃ mean temperature	相对湿度/% relative humidity
1	10.6	5	26	77	8	32.8	2	27	79
2	8.0	3	25	77	9	24.0	2	28	78
3	18.8	3	26	77	10	33.6	2	28	80
4	20.6	2	26	78	11	40.4	1	29	81
5	20.0	1	25	78	12	15.4	4	28	77
6	22.0	1	26	77	13	24.0	3	27	78
7	32.6	2	24	78	R		-0.631^*	0.570^*	0.863^**

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