Species composition and seasonal dynamics of shorebirds during anti-seasonal alterations in the water levels of Hongze Lake Wetland National Nature Reserve, Sihong County, Jiangsu Province

WANG Silu, LU Changhu, LIU Mengmeng, CHEN Taiyu, LI Chengzhi

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (6) : 138-144.

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）
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JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (6) : 138-144. DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202211010

Species composition and seasonal dynamics of shorebirds during anti-seasonal alterations in the water levels of Hongze Lake Wetland National Nature Reserve, Sihong County, Jiangsu Province

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Abstract

【Objective】The Hongze Lake Wetland National Nature Reserve, Sihong, Jiangsu, located northwest of Hongze Lake, is an important stopover location and wintering place for migratory waterbirds. In recent years, due to the influence of water conservancy projects and other anthropogenic control measures, the Hongze Lake Wetland National Nature Reserve is characterized by the opposing seasonal hydrological pattern of “high water levels in winter and spring and low water levels in summer”. This contrasts with the seasonal pattern of “dry, abundant, and flat water stage” in the Huaihe River basin, and thus complicates the environmental habitat of waterbirds. This study aimed to elucidate the resource status of shorebirds during alterations in the water levels of Hongze Lake, and provide a theoretical basis for improving the protection of wetland waterbird diversity in the reserve.【Method】The shorebirds in the nature reserve were surveyed on a monthly basis from July 2020 to June 2021 with line transects and point count surveys. The community composition and seasonal dynamics were analyzed, and the interspecific correlations between two pairs of shorebirds with numbers greater than 10 were determined over time.【Result】The overall year-round population abundance of plovers in the Hongze Lake Reserve during the anti-seasonal water levels was very low; however, their species diversity was relatively high. A total of 22 species of shorebirds belonging to one order and six families were observed in the reserve, of which five shorebird species, namely, Tringa tetanus, Hydrophasianus chirurgus, Vanellus cinereum, Himantopus himantopus and T. erythropus, were found to be dominant. There were obvious seasonal changes in the community composition and diversity of shorebirds in the reserve. The number of species and abundance were highest in spring, and the diversity and evenness indices of the shorebirds were relatively higher in both spring and autumn. Determination of the inter-species correlation of 12 species in terms of abundance revealed a positive correlation for 33 species pairs, and a significant or highly significant correlation for seven species pairs, indicating the occurrence of interspecific attraction.【Conclusion】The results demonstrated that the anti-seasonal water levels, caused by the South to North Water Diversion project, could be the primary factor limiting the number of shorebirds in Sihong Hongze Lake Wetland National Nature Reserve. Additionally, the implementation of fishery and wetland restoration projects resulted in the conversion of farming ponds in the reserve to lake areas that are unsuitable for foraging by plovers, and consequently reduced the number of plovers in the reserve.

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shorebirds / waterbirds species diversity / interspecific correlation / changing water levels / Hongze Lake Wetland Nature Reserve, Sihong County, Jiangsu Province

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WANG Silu , LU Changhu , LIU Mengmeng , et al . Species composition and seasonal dynamics of shorebirds during anti-seasonal alterations in the water levels of Hongze Lake Wetland National Nature Reserve, Sihong County, Jiangsu Province[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY. 2024, 48(6): 138-144 https://doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202211010

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