Effects of thinning on Larix olgensis plantation stem form based on TLS

doi:10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202211012

JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 85-94.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202211012

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Effects of thinning on Larix olgensis plantation stem form based on TLS

GAO Xieyu(), DONG Lihu, HAO Yuanshuo()

School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China

Received:2022-11-08 Revised:2022-12-28 Online:2023-11-30 Published:2023-11-23

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The study explored the feasibility of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) technology to evaluate the stem form, and analyzed the influence of different thinning measures on the stem form of Larix olgensis plantations. 【Method】 Five sample plots of L. olgensis plantations with different thinning measures in the Mengjiagang Forest Farm, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province, were used to acquire TLS data. The preprocessed point clouds were first segmented into individual trees and classified into stem and non-stem points. Parameters that included diameter breast height, tree height, and diameter at different heights were further extracted. Finally, the indices of individual tree stem forms were calculated, theoretical timber was made, and the effects of different thinning measures on L. olgensis plantation stem form and stand economic value were analyzed. 【Result】 Compared to field-measured trees, the accuracy of individual tree characteristic parameters extracted based on TLS data was satisfactory. The error results of diameter breast height showed that ME was only -0.39 cm, MAPE was 2.86%, ME extracted from tree height was -0.26 m, and MAPE was 3.12%. All thinning measures improved the diameter breast height and volume growth of individual trees. There was no significant difference in tree height among the different thinning measures. The stem form indices of trees, such as and the volume distribution mode, differed in the different thinning methods, with the stem volume more distributed in the middle of the stem. Stem forms of different sizes did not significantly differ at the same site. The different thinning methods had no effect on the degree of tree root extension. Different thinning measures improved the economic value of stands in different degrees. 【Conclusion】 TLS exhibits high precision in extracting parameters of individual trees and can be used to obtain the dry shape characteristics of individual trees without destructive sampling. Different thinning measures have different effects on tree stem form and economic value of stands. The two high-intensity thinning measures can maximize the economic value of stands. These results provide a reference for forestry production practices in northeast China.

Key words: Larix olgensis, thinning measestrial, terrestrial laser scanning(TLS), stem form

CLC Number:

S758

GAO Xieyu, DONG Lihu, HAO Yuanshuo. Effects of thinning on Larix olgensis plantation stem form based on TLS[J]. JOURNAL OF NANJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, 2023, 47(6): 85-94.

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References 33

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样地号 plot No.	间伐次数 thinning number	间伐林龄/a thinning plantation age	间伐强度/% thinning intensity
1	0	—	—
2	4	17、24、29、43	17.1、5.8、13.5、14.1
3	3	17、24、43	23.8、23.6、15.3
4	2	17、43	23.1、24.3
5	2	17、43	35.6、43.4

样地号 plot No.	株数 number of trees	林分密度/ (株·hm^-2) stand density	林分断面积/ (m²·hm^-2) BAS	单木因子tree factors
				最大值 max		最小值 min		平均值 mean		标准差 SD
				H/m	D/cm	H/m	D/cm	H/m	D/cm	H/m	D/cm
1	248	1 240	42.44	28.9	33.9	12.1	8.8	23.76	19.38	3.759	4.927
2	241	1 205	42.94	29.5	32.7	13.6	10.2	24.48	20.22	3.671	4.888
3	220	1 100	40.81	29.8	32.7	15.4	10.2	24.72	20.23	3.321	4.888
4	182	910	35.58	29.8	33.5	15.5	11.9	25.45	21.04	3.279	4.484
5	123	879	40.23	28.1	35.4	18.8	16.7	24.78	23.07	2.227	3.478

变量 variable	含义 attribute	说明 description
V	材积	每0.1 m分段平均断面积分区求积
f_1.3	胸高形数	f₁_.₃=V/[(π/4)×D²×H]
q₂	胸高形率	q₂=d₀_.₅/D
R_HD	高径比	R_HD=H/D
V_bot	底部材积	树干下部30%部分的材积
V_mid	中段材积	树干中部50%部分的材积
V_top	顶部材积	树干上部20%部分的材积
r_bot	底部材积占比	r_bot=V_bot/V
r_mid	中部材积占比	r_mid=V_mid/V
r_top	顶部材积占比	r_top=V_top/V
q_bot	树干下部直径与胸径比	q_bot=d_0.6/D
q_top	树干上部高径比	q_top=(H-H_0.6)/d_0.6
q_0.15	根张系数	q_0.15=d_0.15/d₀
q_b	胸径与地径的比值	q_b=D/d₀

变量 variable	平均误差 ME	平均绝对误差 MAE	平均绝对误差百分比/% MAPE	均方根误差 RMSE	相关系数 R
D	-0.391 9	0.610 8	2.864 1	0.829 0	0.988 1
H	-0.263 7	0.715 0	3.121 9	1.679 1	0.972 6
V	0.013 1	0.034 1	7.975 3	0.045 5	0.982 3

样地号 plot No.	V_T/ (m³·hm^-2)	V₁/ (m³·hm^-2)	r₁	V₂/ (m³·hm^-2)	r₂	V₃/ (m³·hm^-2)	r₃
1	536.5	422.0	0.787	8.2	0.015	106.1	0.198
2	526.6	414.9	0.788	8.6	0.016	120.5	0.229
3	491.9	387.6	0.788	8.8	0.018	115.7	0.235
4	441.7	349.4	0.791	6.9	0.016	96.6	0.219
5	524.2	417.5	0.796	11.5	0.022	166.5	0.318

Effects of thinning on Larix olgensis plantation stem form based on TLS

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